{"id":23587,"date":"2014-08-08T06:00:50","date_gmt":"2014-08-07T23:00:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=23587"},"modified":"2015-07-07T11:50:40","modified_gmt":"2015-07-07T04:50:40","slug":"avec-de-laide-les-communautes-sont-pretes-a-attenuer-le-changement-climatique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/23587\/avec-de-laide-les-communautes-sont-pretes-a-attenuer-le-changement-climatique","title":{"rendered":"Avec de l&rsquo;aide, les communaut\u00e9s sont pr\u00eates \u00e0 att\u00e9nuer le changement climatique"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_23198\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23198\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Resilience-blog-11.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-23198 size-large\" src=\"\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Resilience-blog-11-500x334.jpg\" alt=\"Habitante del bosque en Kalimantan Occidental, Indonesia. Los resultados preliminares de la investigaci\u00f3n realizada en Indonesia muestran que los habitantes del bosque realizan una vigilancia eficaz del carbono almacenado en los bosques, pero deben obtener algo a cambio si se desea que esta labor contin\u00fae. Fotograf\u00eda de CIFOR.\" width=\"500\" height=\"334\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23198\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Des habitants de la for\u00eat du Kalimantan occidental en Indon\u00e9sie. Les r\u00e9sultats pr\u00e9liminaires d\u2019une \u00e9tude en Indon\u00e9sie montrent que les habitants des for\u00eats sont capables d\u2019assurer un suivi efficace du carbone stock\u00e9 dans les for\u00eats, mais pour que ce travail puisse continuer, ils devraient obtenir quelque chose en \u00e9change. Photo: CIFOR<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">MONTPELLIER, France \u2014 Les communaut\u00e9s locales sont pr\u00eates et capables de participer \u00e0 des activit\u00e9s d&rsquo;att\u00e9nuation du changement climatique en lien avec les arbres; \u00e0 condition qu&rsquo;elles re\u00e7oivent de l&rsquo;aide, selon des nouvelles recherches au Br\u00e9sil et en Indon\u00e9sie.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Dans la r\u00e9gion de l\u2019Amazonie orientale au Br\u00e9sil, la chercheuse \u00c9milie Coudel a \u00e9tudi\u00e9 le respect de la l\u00e9gislation, qui oblige les propri\u00e9taires terriens \u00e0 maintenir 50 \u00e0 80% de v\u00e9g\u00e9tation naturelle sur leur propri\u00e9t\u00e9 ou de restaurer la couverture foresti\u00e8re jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ces niveaux si la for\u00eat a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9grad\u00e9e.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Les propri\u00e9taires de grandes exploitations agricoles ont souvent des difficult\u00e9s \u00e0 remplir ces obligations, car ils ont besoin de p\u00e2turages plus grands pour des activit\u00e9s comme l&rsquo;\u00e9levage de b\u00e9tail. Ce n&rsquo;est pas le cas pour les exploitations familiales \u00e0 petite \u00e9chelle. Les personnes interrog\u00e9es par les chercheurs ignoraient souvent les exigences juridiques, mais lorsqu\u2019elles en ont \u00e9t\u00e9 inform\u00e9es, elles \u00e9taient pr\u00eates \u00e0 les respecter, d\u00e9clare Mme Coudel, scientifique au Centre de coop\u00e9ration internationale en recherche agronomique pour le d\u00e9veloppement (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cirad.fr\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">CIRAD<\/a>) et au <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Centre de Recherche Foresti\u00e8re Internationale<\/a> (CIFOR).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">\u00abDe nombreux petits exploitants aimeraient reboiser, mais ils disent qu&rsquo;ils ne disposent pas des connaissances et des ressources pour le faire\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Mme Coudel lors de la r\u00e9cente <a href=\"http:\/\/www.resilience2014.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">conf\u00e9rence R\u00e9silience 2014<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">\u00e0 Montpellier en France.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\">Beaucoup de petites exploitations appliquent un syst\u00e8me de jach\u00e8re et seraient consid\u00e9r\u00e9s en conformit\u00e9 avec les obligations de r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration foresti\u00e8re itin\u00e9rante si leurs terres \u00e9tait prise en compte, selon Mme Coudel. Elle explique toutefois que la loi ne reconna\u00eet pas le couvert forestier temporaire comme composante l\u00e9gale, puisque les propri\u00e9taires doivent d\u00e9clarer les limites des zones foresti\u00e8res permanentes, qui sont ensuite surveill\u00e9es par les autorit\u00e9s.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">\u00abPour r\u00e9soudre ce probl\u00e8me, le CIFOR et le <a href=\"http:\/\/www.worldagroforestry.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Centre International pour la Recherche en Agroforesterie<\/a> (ICRAF) \u00e9tudient l&rsquo;agroforesterie, mais les ressources ne sont pas suffisantes\u00bb, d\u00e9clare Mme Coudel. Elle souligne que les petits exploitants agricoles br\u00e9siliens ne demandent pas une aide ext\u00e9rieure importante, mais plut\u00f4t le \u00abrenforcement de leurs propres syst\u00e8mes\u00bb, qui int\u00e8grent d\u00e9j\u00e0 des pratiques respectueuses des for\u00eats.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Les r\u00e9sultats pr\u00e9liminaires des \u00e9tudes en Indon\u00e9sie montrent que les habitants des for\u00eats sont capables d\u2019assurer une surveillance efficace du carbone stock\u00e9 dans les for\u00eats. Pour que ce travail puisse continuer, ils faudrait toutefois qu&rsquo;ils obtiennent quelque chose en \u00e9change. Le suivi du niveau de carbone est un aspect fondamental des programmes de REDD+ (<a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/library\/2812\/simply-redd-cifors-guide-to-forests-climate-change-and-redd\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">R\u00e9duction des Emissions issues de la D\u00e9forestation et D\u00e9gradation des for\u00eats<\/a>), qui lie les incitations financi\u00e8res avec la conservation au carbone stock\u00e9 dans les for\u00eats.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Selon Manuel Boissi\u00e8re, scientifique au CIRAD et au CIFOR, les \u00e9tudes sur les donn\u00e9es recueillies aupr\u00e8s des membres de communaut\u00e9s locales portent essentiellement sur la qualit\u00e9 et le co\u00fbt. Il affirme que les donn\u00e9es recueillies au niveau local se sont av\u00e9r\u00e9es suffisantes pour surveiller la s\u00e9questration du carbone effectu\u00e9e par les arbres. La viabilit\u00e9 d&rsquo;un tel suivi reste un d\u00e9fi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">\u00abLa difficult\u00e9 du suivi, de la notification et la v\u00e9rification (MRV), inh\u00e9rents \u00e0 la REDD+, est qu&rsquo;ils ne font pas partie des t\u00e2ches quotidiennes des communaut\u00e9s. Alimenter une base de donn\u00e9es nationale dans l&rsquo;espoir de pouvoir demander des cr\u00e9dits de carbone mondiaux n\u2019aboutit pas aux m\u00eames r\u00e9sultats concrets que d&rsquo;autres types de suivi\u00bb, a-t-il dit \u00e0 Montpellier.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">A part les incitations directes \u00e0 court terme, comme fournir des emplois r\u00e9mun\u00e9r\u00e9s aux communaut\u00e9s locales qui s&rsquo;engagent dans le suivi du carbone, les recherches en cours sugg\u00e8rent, selon M. Boissi\u00e8re, qu\u2019un MRV participatif pourrait avoir plus de succ\u00e8s dans les zones o\u00f9 les for\u00eats sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 g\u00e9r\u00e9es par la communaut\u00e9.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Les droits des communaut\u00e9s locales \u00e0 g\u00e9rer leurs propres for\u00eats \u00abseraient renforc\u00e9s si les donn\u00e9es du MRV montraient qu&rsquo;il y eu des r\u00e9sultats en termes de stockage de carbone\u00bb, explique-t-il.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">M. Boissi\u00e8re esp\u00e8re que les r\u00e9sultats plus d\u00e9taill\u00e9s de son \u00e9tude sur de tels sc\u00e9narios, qui seront publi\u00e9s plus tard cette ann\u00e9e, influenceront l&rsquo;\u00e9laboration des politiques en Indon\u00e9sie, o\u00f9 la nouvelle agence nationale de REDD+ travaille sur des strat\u00e9gies de mise en \u0153uvre du MRV.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"fr-FR\">Pour plus d&rsquo;informations sur les sujets abord\u00e9s dans cet article, veuillez contacter Manuel Boissi\u00e8re sur <a href=\"mailto:m.boissiere@cgiar.org\">m.boissiere@cgiar.org<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>MONTPELLIER, France \u2014 Les communaut\u00e9s locales sont pr\u00eates et capables de participer \u00e0 des activit\u00e9s d&rsquo;att\u00e9nuation du changement climatique en lien avec les arbres; \u00e0 condition qu&rsquo;elles re\u00e7oivent de l&rsquo;aide, selon des nouvelles recherches au Br\u00e9sil et en Indon\u00e9sie. Dans la r\u00e9gion de l\u2019Amazonie orientale au Br\u00e9sil, la chercheuse \u00c9milie Coudel a \u00e9tudi\u00e9 le respect [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":97,"featured_media":23198,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,1072,180,11,151],"tags":[372,87,471,369,1554,1553],"language":[2170],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[1041],"class_list":["post-23587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-landscapes","category-mitigating-climate-change","category-mrv-2","category-redd-2","tag-brazil","tag-indonesia","tag-mitigation","tag-monitoring","tag-reforestation","tag-resilience","language-francais"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Avec de l&#039;aide, les communaut\u00e9s sont pr\u00eates \u00e0 att\u00e9nuer le changement climatique - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/23587\/avec-de-laide-les-communautes-sont-pretes-a-attenuer-le-changement-climatique\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Avec de l&#039;aide, les communaut\u00e9s sont pr\u00eates \u00e0 att\u00e9nuer le changement climatique\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"MONTPELLIER, France \u2014 Les communaut\u00e9s locales sont pr\u00eates et capables de participer \u00e0 des activit\u00e9s d&rsquo;att\u00e9nuation du changement climatique en lien avec les arbres; \u00e0 condition qu&rsquo;elles re\u00e7oivent de l&rsquo;aide, selon des nouvelles recherches au Br\u00e9sil et en Indon\u00e9sie. Dans la r\u00e9gion de l\u2019Amazonie orientale au Br\u00e9sil, la chercheuse \u00c9milie Coudel a \u00e9tudi\u00e9 le respect [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/23587\/avec-de-laide-les-communautes-sont-pretes-a-attenuer-le-changement-climatique\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Landscape Alliance Forests News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-08-07T23:00:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-07-07T04:50:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Resilience-blog-11.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"640\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"428\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Thomas Hubert\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@tom_hubert\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/23587\\\/avec-de-laide-les-communautes-sont-pretes-a-attenuer-le-changement-climatique#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/23587\\\/avec-de-laide-les-communautes-sont-pretes-a-attenuer-le-changement-climatique\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Thomas Hubert\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/6bc131e53dfe93de1243f49aef0b9077\"},\"headline\":\"Avec de l&rsquo;aide, les communaut\u00e9s sont pr\u00eates \u00e0 att\u00e9nuer le changement climatique\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-08-07T23:00:50+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-07-07T04:50:40+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/23587\\\/avec-de-laide-les-communautes-sont-pretes-a-attenuer-le-changement-climatique\"},\"wordCount\":884,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/23587\\\/avec-de-laide-les-communautes-sont-pretes-a-attenuer-le-changement-climatique#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/Resilience-blog-11.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Brazil\",\"Indonesia\",\"mitigation\",\"monitoring\",\"reforestation\",\"resilience\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Climate change &amp; 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