{"id":23025,"date":"2014-06-30T06:00:34","date_gmt":"2014-06-29T23:00:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=23025"},"modified":"2018-02-07T11:56:33","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T04:56:33","slug":"analyse-des-stocks-de-carbone-au-perou-par-faisceaux-laser","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/23025\/analyse-des-stocks-de-carbone-au-perou-par-faisceaux-laser","title":{"rendered":"Analyse des stocks de carbone au P\u00e9rou par faisceaux laser"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"El<\/a>
Le syst\u00e8me de radar optique LiDAR, acronyme anglais de \u00abLight Detection And Ranging\u00bb, peut donner une image tr\u00e8s d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation d’un marais, en enregistrant des donn\u00e9es qu’un ordinateur peut ensuite modifier pour cr\u00e9er une image en trois dimensions. Photo: Geoff Gallice<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Note de la r\u00e9daction: Ceci est le deuxi\u00e8me article d’une s\u00e9rie en trois parties sur la recherche du CIFOR sur les marais de palmiers au P\u00e9rou. Lisez la premi\u00e8re partie \u00ab Un projet vise \u00e0 r\u00e9v\u00e9ler les myst\u00e8res des tourbi\u00e8res du P\u00e9rou \u00bb <\/span><\/span>ici<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

IQUITOS, P\u00e9rou \u2013 Jos\u00e9 Gonz\u00e1lez de Tanago fixe un tr\u00e9pied sur le sol instable et mar\u00e9cageux pr\u00e8s du lac Quistococha. Il y attache une bo\u00eete en m\u00e9tal portant sur le dessus quelque chose qui ressemble \u00e0 un \u00e9norme \u0153il d\u2019insecte. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bien que l’appareil ne soit pas sans rappeler R2D2 de <\/span>Star Wars<\/i><\/span>, l’\u0153il est en fait un objectif de cam\u00e9ra et la bo\u00eete contient un faisceau laser. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Le syst\u00e8me, connu sous le nom de LiDAR ou \u00abLight Detection And Ranging\u00bb<\/a>, fournit une image tr\u00e8s d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation du marais de palmiers, explique M. Gonz\u00e1lez de Tanago, un \u00e9tudiant en doctorat \u00e0 l’Universit\u00e9 de Wageningen qui travaille avec le Centre de Recherche Foresti\u00e8re Internationale (CIFOR). <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Lors de sa rotation sur le tr\u00e9pied, le LiDAR num\u00e9rise la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation, en enregistrant des donn\u00e9es qu’un ordinateur pourra ult\u00e9rieurement utiliser pour cr\u00e9er une image tridimensionnelle de la for\u00eat. Comme le syst\u00e8me prend en compte les branches et les variations du diam\u00e8tre des troncs d’arbres individuels, M. Gonz\u00e1lez de Tanago peut calculer plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment la quantit\u00e9 de biomasse a\u00e9rienne, ainsi que le carbone qu\u2019elle stocke.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Son travail fait partie du Programme d\u2019Adaptation et d\u2019Att\u00e9nuation Durables des Zones Humides (SWAMP)<\/a>, un effort de collaboration entre le CIFOR et le Service des For\u00eats des \u00c9tats-Unis. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Les syst\u00e8mes LiDAR ont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9s dans des avions pour cartographier la biomasse en fonction de la hauteur de la cime des arbres. Le syst\u00e8me utilis\u00e9 au sol par M. Gonz\u00e1lez de Tanago est relativement nouveau. Selon lui, il pr\u00e9sente des avantages et des inconv\u00e9nients. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abLe LiDAR terrestre offre un haut niveau de d\u00e9tails sur la structure de la for\u00eat dans une petite zone, tandis que le LiDAR a\u00e9roport\u00e9 peut couvrir des zones plus vastes sur des centaines ou milliers de kilom\u00e8tres carr\u00e9s\u00bb, dit-il.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La mesure au sol est plus pr\u00e9cise car elle fournit \u00e0 la fois des mesures verticales et horizontales, tandis que les calculs du syst\u00e8me a\u00e9roport\u00e9 se basent sur la moyenne de la hauteur de la canop\u00e9e dans une zone.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abToutefois, il est impossible de couvrir des grandes surfaces avec le LiDAR terrestre. Puisque nous \u00e9chantillonnons les moindres d\u00e9tails, ceci prendrait un temps consid\u00e9rable\u00bb, dit-il.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Comme le syst\u00e8me terrestre est nouveau, M. Gonz\u00e1lez de Tanago doit d\u00e9velopper avec ses coll\u00e8gues le logiciel n\u00e9cessaire au traitement de ses donn\u00e9es. Son objectif est de corr\u00e9ler les donn\u00e9es prises au sol avec les images satellites pour que les pays puissent faire un suivi des stocks de carbone et des \u00e9missions \u00e0 distance, en utilisant des images satellites qui sont disponibles gratuitement.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ceci est important pour les pays qui, comme le P\u00e9rou, qui d\u00e9veloppent des syst\u00e8mes pour faire le suivi des programmes visant \u00e0 r\u00e9duire la d\u00e9forestation et la d\u00e9gradation des for\u00eats (REDD+). <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abCette recherche s’inscrit dans le cadre des syst\u00e8mes de surveillance et de v\u00e9rification de la REDD+\u00bb, explique M. Gonz\u00e1lez de Tanago. \u00abNous devons d\u00e9velopper des m\u00e9thodes plus efficaces et plus pr\u00e9cises afin de mesurer les stocks de carbone au fil du temps.\u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations sur les sujets abord\u00e9s dans cet article, veuillez contacter Kristell Hergoualc\u2019h sur k.hergoualch@cgiar.org<\/a>. <\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La recherche du CIFOR sur les for\u00eats et la nutrition s\u2019inscrit dans le cadre du Programme du CGIAR sur les For\u00eats, les Arbres et l’Agroforesterie. Le projet SWAMP est appuy\u00e9 par un financement de l’Agence Am\u00e9ricaine pour le D\u00e9veloppement International (USAID).<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Note de la r\u00e9daction: Ceci est le deuxi\u00e8me article d’une s\u00e9rie en trois parties sur la recherche du CIFOR sur les marais de palmiers au P\u00e9rou. Lisez la premi\u00e8re partie \u00ab Un projet vise \u00e0 r\u00e9v\u00e9ler les myst\u00e8res des tourbi\u00e8res du P\u00e9rou \u00bb ici. IQUITOS, P\u00e9rou \u2013 Jos\u00e9 Gonz\u00e1lez de Tanago fixe un tr\u00e9pied sur […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":21708,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,180,190],"tags":[],"language":[2170],"location":[12229],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[3253,3701,3081,3254,3196,3702,3078,3252,3403,3241],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[3000],"coauthors":[831],"class_list":["post-23025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-mitigating-climate-change","category-peatlands","language-francais","location-peru","tag-francais-jose-gonzalez-de-tanago","tag-francais-lidar","tag-francais-milieux-humides","tag-francais-perou","tag-francais-redd","tag-francais-service-des-forets-des-etats-unis","tag-francais-stocks-de-carbone","tag-francais-swamp","tag-francais-tourbieres","tag-francais-universite-de-wageningen","type-francais-nouvelles"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAnalyse des stocks de carbone au P\u00e9rou par faisceaux laser - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/23025\/analyse-des-stocks-de-carbone-au-perou-par-faisceaux-laser\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Analyse des stocks de carbone au P\u00e9rou par faisceaux laser\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Note de la r\u00e9daction: Ceci est le deuxi\u00e8me article d’une s\u00e9rie en trois parties sur la recherche du CIFOR sur les marais de palmiers au P\u00e9rou. Lisez la premi\u00e8re partie \u00ab Un projet vise \u00e0 r\u00e9v\u00e9ler les myst\u00e8res des tourbi\u00e8res du P\u00e9rou \u00bb ici. 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