{"id":21411,"date":"2014-02-20T02:32:11","date_gmt":"2014-02-19T19:32:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=21411"},"modified":"2015-08-10T16:36:16","modified_gmt":"2015-08-10T09:36:16","slug":"proposition-de-neuf-indicateurs-dodd-pour-la-foresterie-et-les-paysages","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/21411\/proposition-de-neuf-indicateurs-dodd-pour-la-foresterie-et-les-paysages","title":{"rendered":"Proposition de neuf indicateurs d’ODD pour la foresterie et les paysages"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Seorang<\/a>
Un gar\u00e7on collecte du bois dans la province Nusa Tenggara oriental en Indon\u00e9sie. L’importance des for\u00eats pour l’\u00e9nergie et les moyens de subsistance rend leur int\u00e9gration dans les Objectifs de D\u00e9veloppement Durable cruciale. Photo: CIFOR<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

(Article publi\u00e9 dans sa version originale le 3 f\u00e9vrier 2014)<\/em><\/p>\n

Mon <\/span><\/span>article<\/a><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent a fourni un contexte sur la fa\u00e7on dont les for\u00eats pourraient s’int\u00e9grer dans le nouveau cadre des Objectifs de D\u00e9veloppement Durable (ODD). Le choix du moment de cette discussion est important, puisque le<\/span><\/span> Groupe de travail ouvert sur les ODD des Nations Unies<\/a> <\/span><\/span>discutera des for\u00eats lors de sa derni\u00e8re s\u00e9ance du 3 au 7 f\u00e9vrier 2014. Suite \u00e0 cette r\u00e9union, les pays membres du Groupe de travail remettront au Secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral et \u00e0 l’Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l’ONU des recommandations, concernant un cadre de d\u00e9veloppement futur qui remplacera les Objectifs du Mill\u00e9naire pour le <\/span><\/span>D\u00e9veloppement.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dans cet article, j’explore d’autres r\u00e9flexions sur les indicateurs appropri\u00e9s pour la foresterie et les paysages. Celles-ci sont n\u00e9es l’an dernier, \u00e0 l’occasion d\u2019un dialogue intensif<\/a> sur la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de nouveaux partenariats et de solutions transversales non limit\u00e9s par les vases clos sectoriels, les niveaux de gouvernance ou les fronti\u00e8res politiques.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Le processus des ODD<\/a> <\/span><\/span>a d\u00e9but\u00e9, pour l’essentiel par de telles ambitions et il existe des signaux forts pour construire un cadre d’ODD int\u00e9gratif, de par sa conception. Ceci cr\u00e9e une tension inh\u00e9rente pour les secteurs qui d\u00e9finissent traditionnellement leurs objectifs au sein d\u2019un cadre institutionnel \u00e9tabli. Le secteur forestier ne fait pas exception et il sera difficile de ne pas utiliser les limites traditionnelles du secteur comme point de d\u00e9part pour d\u00e9finir les objectifs et les indicateurs. En ce qui concerne les contributions du secteur, le processus des ODD fournit l’occasion de progresser et d\u2019\u00eatre plus ambitieux en adoptant une vision plus large des enjeux. Ceci est possible gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l’approche paysag\u00e8re.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Voil\u00e0 essentiellement pourquoi nous devrions envisager les \u00abPaysages durables\u00bb comme ODD, au-del\u00e0 des secteurs, offrant des possibilit\u00e9s de renforcer les contributions au d\u00e9veloppement durable de la foresterie, de l’agriculture et d’autres secteurs.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Une tentative de d\u00e9finition des paysages a \u00e9t\u00e9 faite ici<\/a>. Par cette approche, les paysages s’appliquent \u00e0 toutes les \u00e9chelles. Cela signifie que les pays dans leur ensemble (ou tout autre niveau administratif) sont \u00e9galement des paysages. Ceci est un point pertinent pour le cadre des ODD, vu que les progr\u00e8s doivent \u00eatre rapport\u00e9s par chaque pays. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Or, que pourraient \u00eatre des indicateurs de \u00abPaysages durables\u00bb?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tandis que l’ONU se pr\u00e9pare aux n\u00e9gociations sur la conception des ODD, voici quelques indicateurs possibles \u00e0 consid\u00e9rer:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A. Des indicateurs paysag\u00e9s de base applicables \u00e0 toutes les \u00e9chelles<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. L\u2019am\u00e9lioration des moyens de subsistance dans le paysage<\/b>, mesur\u00e9e par les revenus ou actifs des agriculteurs\/producteurs<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  2. L\u2019am\u00e9lioration des services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques<\/b>, mesur\u00e9e par le stock de biomasse dans le paysage (dont les for\u00eats et les sols)<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  3. L\u2019am\u00e9lioration de l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 des ressources pour l\u2019utilisation des terres<\/b>, mesur\u00e9e par les \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre des secteurs terrestres<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  4. L\u2019am\u00e9lioration de<\/b> l\u2019approvisionnement en nourriture et autres produits issus de l’utilisation des terres<\/b>, mesur\u00e9e en quantit\u00e9 ou en valeur par cat\u00e9gorie (ici, la valeur des produits forestiers peut \u00eatre un sous-indicateur sectoriel)<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  5. L\u2019am\u00e9lioration du potentiel de la biodiversit\u00e9<\/b>, mesur\u00e9e, par exemple, par la superficie foresti\u00e8re pour chaque type \u00e9cologique<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Chacun de ces cinq indicateurs propos\u00e9s est \u00e0 la fois mesurable et adaptable \u00e0 tout type ou taille de paysages. Ils peuvent \u00eatre appliqu\u00e9s universellement dans les pays d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s et en voie de d\u00e9veloppement.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    B. Des indicateurs relatifs \u00e0 la gouvernance du paysage<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Les progr\u00e8s de la mise en \u0153uvre ou de l’alignement avec les\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>Directives Volontaires pour une Gouvernance Responsable des R\u00e9gimes Fonciers<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/a> (approuv\u00e9es en 2012 par le Comit\u00e9 de la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Alimentaire Mondiale), mesure \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    2. L\u2019existence\/la mise en \u0153uvre de cadres juridiques propices aux collaborations et politiques intersectorielles \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle du paysage<\/b>, mesure \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    3. Les progr\u00e8s de la mise en \u0153uvre des accords internationaux sur le travail et l’emploi dans les secteurs de la foresterie et l’agriculture<\/b>, avec une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence particuli\u00e8re \u00e0 l’\u00e9galit\u00e9 des sexes et au travail des enfants, mesure \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    4. Le niveau des investissements destin\u00e9s \u00e0 l’utilisation durable des terres<\/b>, mesur\u00e9 en termes mon\u00e9taires <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Le <\/span><\/span>R\u00e9seau des Solutions pour le D\u00e9veloppement Durable<\/a> <\/span><\/span>(RSDD), une initiative des Nations Unies, a exprim\u00e9 des r\u00e9flexions similaires \u00e0 ces indicateurs propos\u00e9s concernant l’agriculture durable. Plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, les objectifs 6 et 9 de la fiche du RSDD<\/a> <\/span><\/span>sont conformes \u00e0 l\u2019id\u00e9e des paysages int\u00e9gr\u00e9s, puisqu\u2019ils abordent les fonctions environnementales, sociales et \u00e9conomiques \u00e0 travers des secteurs.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Au-del\u00e0 des indicateurs, un autre d\u00e9bat essentiel porte sur ce que doivent \u00eatre les objectifs universels. Les objectifs peuvent aider \u00e0 mesurer les progr\u00e8s et \u00e0 fournir des lignes directrices afin de r\u00e9aliser les Objectifs de D\u00e9veloppement Durable. Ceci inclut la question de ce qui fait le plus de sens: des objectifs absolus ou des objectifs relatifs?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Au-del\u00e0 des paysages en soi, il existe d’autres facteurs qui influent indirectement sur les paysages et la plan\u00e8te, tels que les sch\u00e9mas des \u00e9changes et de la consommation. En outre, les enjeux primaires de d\u00e9veloppement, concernant la pauvret\u00e9, la sant\u00e9, la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire et la nutrition (principalement au-del\u00e0 de la production agricole en tant que telle), sont bien s\u00fbr fondamentaux pour les personnes vivant dans les paysages du monde. A la fin de cette discussion, d’autres ODD pourraient couvrir de tels facteurs. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Il sera certainement int\u00e9ressant de suivre et de participer aux n\u00e9gociations pendant les mois \u00e0 venir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      (Article publi\u00e9 dans sa version originale le 3 f\u00e9vrier 2014) Mon article pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent a fourni un contexte sur la fa\u00e7on dont les for\u00eats pourraient s’int\u00e9grer dans le nouveau cadre des Objectifs de D\u00e9veloppement Durable (ODD). Le choix du moment de cette discussion est important, puisque le Groupe de travail ouvert sur les ODD des Nations […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":71,"featured_media":21147,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[],"language":[2170],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[3305,3109,3171,3408,3111,3206,3399,3187,3291,3413],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[2965],"coauthors":[680],"class_list":["post-21411","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news","language-francais","tag-francais-adaptation","tag-francais-agriculture","tag-francais-agroforesterie","tag-francais-approche-paysagere","tag-francais-developpement-durable","tag-francais-objectifs-de-developpement-durable","tag-francais-objectifs-du-millenaire-pour-le-developpement","tag-francais-peter-holmgren","tag-francais-politique","tag-francais-reseau-des-solutions-pour-le-developpement-durable","type-francais-chronique-du-dg"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nProposition de neuf indicateurs d'ODD pour la foresterie et les paysages - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/21411\/proposition-de-neuf-indicateurs-dodd-pour-la-foresterie-et-les-paysages\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Proposition de neuf indicateurs d'ODD pour la foresterie et les paysages\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"(Article publi\u00e9 dans sa version originale le 3 f\u00e9vrier 2014) Mon article pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent a fourni un contexte sur la fa\u00e7on dont les for\u00eats pourraient s’int\u00e9grer dans le nouveau cadre des Objectifs de D\u00e9veloppement Durable (ODD). 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