{"id":20773,"date":"2013-12-22T06:11:37","date_gmt":"2013-12-21T23:11:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=20773"},"modified":"2015-07-07T11:19:53","modified_gmt":"2015-07-07T04:19:53","slug":"martyr-de-lamazone-lheritage-de-chico-mendes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/20773\/martyr-de-lamazone-lheritage-de-chico-mendes","title":{"rendered":"Martyr de l&rsquo;Amazone: l&rsquo;h\u00e9ritage de Chico Mendes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GzTddMd7Xz4?rel=0\" height=\"315\" width=\"560\" allowfullscreen=\"\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>Note de l&rsquo;\u00e9diteur<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Le 22 d\u00e9cembre 1988 \u2013 il y a 25 ans ce dimanche \u2013 Chico Mendes \u00e9tait assassin\u00e9. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Au cours de sa vie, Mendes s&rsquo;est battu pour les droits des r\u00e9colteurs de caoutchouc dans sa r\u00e9gion natale de l&rsquo;Acre, au Br\u00e9sil, ainsi que pour la protection des for\u00eats amazoniennes, dont d\u00e9pendaient leur moyens de subsistance. La lutte de Mendes a men\u00e9 \u00e0 un profond changement dans son pays, dont l&rsquo;un, et pas des moindres, a \u00e9t\u00e9 la reconnaissance du droit \u00e0 la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 des peuples des for\u00eats sur leurs ressources, ouvrant la voie \u00e0 une gestion plus durable pour l&rsquo;environnement des for\u00eats de l&rsquo;Acre. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Alors que le CIFOR a \u00e9tendu ses recherches \u00e0 l&rsquo;ouest de l&rsquo;Amazone ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, il \u00e9tait impossible de rater l&rsquo;impact durable que Chico Mendes a eu dans l&rsquo;Acre. Un r\u00e9cent <a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/amazon\/\" target=\"_blank\">reportage sp\u00e9cial<\/a> de Forest News sur le travail du CIFOR dans la r\u00e9gion comprenait l&rsquo;examen de l&rsquo;h\u00e9ritage de Mendes. A l&rsquo;occasion du 25\u00e8me anniversaire de sa mort, nous revisitons ce reportage. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Impossible de <a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/17275\/special-report-how-a-remote-amazonian-state-is-leading-the-way-in-climate-change-policy#.UrYcWmTuLK4\" target=\"_blank\">parler des for\u00eats dans la r\u00e9gion de l&rsquo;Acre, au Br\u00e9sil<\/a>, sans mentionner le h\u00e9ros local: le r\u00e9colteur de caoutchouc, dirigeant syndicaliste et d\u00e9fenseur de l&rsquo;Amazone Chico Mendes.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Sa mort brutale il y a 25 ans a fait la une des journaux \u00e0 travers le monde, et bien que la violence envers les militants de l&rsquo;Amazone <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/blog\/2013\/apr\/02\/chico-mendes-killings-amazon\" target=\"_blank\">n&rsquo;ait pas diminu\u00e9<\/a>, la mort de Mendes <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/acm\/download\/pub\/grassroot\/OP-49.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">a eu un \u00e9norme impact<\/a> sur le mouvement de protection de l&rsquo;Amazone, galvanisant ses supporters qui se battent pour une forme nouvelle de <a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/17275\/special-report-how-a-remote-amazonian-state-is-leading-the-way-in-climate-change-policy#.UrYcX2TuLK4\" target=\"_blank\">d\u00e9veloppement durable de l&rsquo;environnement dans l&rsquo;Acre<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Chico Mendes grandit dans une famille pauvre pr\u00e8s de la petite ville amazonienne de Xapuri dans l&rsquo;Acre dans les ann\u00e9es 40. Ses parents, comme beaucoup d&rsquo;autres, s&rsquo;\u00e9taient install\u00e9s dans les for\u00eats de l&rsquo;ouest de l&rsquo;Amazone pour r\u00e9colter le latex sur les arbres \u00e0 caoutchouc locaux <a href=\"https:\/\/repository.library.georgetown.edu\/handle\/10822\/553116\" target=\"_blank\">utilis\u00e9 pour l&rsquo;effort de guerre<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">D\u00e8s 9 ans, Mendes commen\u00e7a \u00e0 travailler comme r\u00e9colteur de caoutchouc (<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>seringueiro<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">) pour un grand propri\u00e9taire. Et bien qu&rsquo;il n&rsquo;ait jamais re\u00e7u aucune \u00e9ducation formelle, il finit par apprendre \u00e0 lire, \u00e9couter des stations de radio \u00e9trang\u00e8re et devint vivement conscient de l&rsquo;exploitation et des injustices que lui et ses coll\u00e8gues <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>seringueiros <\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">enduraient entre les mains des barons du caoutchouc.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_20779\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20779\" style=\"width: 339px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/rubber-tapper.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-20779\" alt=\"Since Chico Mendes\u2019 death, 48 extractive reserves have been established in Brazil, bringing positive development and conservation outcomes to local communities. Praveen Tomy\" src=\"\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/rubber-tapper.jpg\" width=\"339\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/rubber-tapper.jpg 339w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/rubber-tapper-271x400.jpg 271w, https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/rubber-tapper-281x415.jpg 281w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 339px) 100vw, 339px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-20779\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Depuis la mort de Chico Mendes, 48 \u00a0r\u00e9serves extractives ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablies au Br\u00e9sil, permettant un d\u00e9veloppement positif et une conservation av\u00e9r\u00e9e aux communaut\u00e9s locales. Photo: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/praveenmt\/2633147601\/\" target=\"_blank\">Praveen Tomy<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Dans les ann\u00e9es 1970, les <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>seringueiros<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"> commenc\u00e8rent \u00e0 s&rsquo;organiser. Chico Mendes aida \u00e0 cr\u00e9er un syndicat de travailleurs agricoles \u00e0 Xapuri et commen\u00e7a \u00e0 se battre pour les droits ruraux.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">En 1980, il avaient forg\u00e9 un puissant mouvement social populaire, \u00e9tablissant un Conseil national des r\u00e9colteurs de caoutchouc et rassemblant une alliance constitu\u00e9e de <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>seringueiros<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">, riverains de fleuves et peuple indig\u00e8nes. Devenus c\u00e9l\u00e8bres sous le nom de \u00abPeuples des for\u00eats\u00bb ils d\u00e9fendaient les droits des gens pauvres et luttaient contre la d\u00e9forestation.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Dans les ann\u00e9es 70 et 80, le Br\u00e9sil \u00e9tait en proie \u00e0 une dictature militaire qui <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/acm\/download\/pub\/grassroot\/OP-49.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">encourageait la d\u00e9forestation de l&rsquo;Amazone pour l&rsquo;\u00e9levage bovin<\/a>. Une partie de cette politique d&rsquo;expansion de la fronti\u00e8re agricole consistait \u00e0 <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/acm\/download\/pub\/grassroot\/OP-49.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">expulser les <\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/acm\/download\/pub\/grassroot\/OP-49.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>seringueiros <\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/acm\/download\/pub\/grassroot\/OP-49.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">de leurs plantations de caoutchoucs<\/a> par des \u00e9leveurs qui voulaient d\u00e9fricher la for\u00eat. Le gouvernement offrit de reloger ces familles dans des projets de colonisation ailleurs dans l&rsquo;\u00e9tat, o\u00f9 beaucoup <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/acm\/download\/pub\/grassroot\/OP-49.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">souffrent<\/a> de la pauvret\u00e9, la maladie et de la dislocation du tissus social.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Chico Mendes et ses supporters ripost\u00e8rent. Des familles occup\u00e8rent pacifiquement des zones foresti\u00e8res vis\u00e9es par les \u00e9leveurs \u2013 une tactique baptis\u00e9e <\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/acm\/download\/pub\/grassroot\/OP-49.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>empate<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">. Ils se dress\u00e8rent face aux tron\u00e7onneuses et bloqu\u00e8rent les bulldozers.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00abAu d\u00e9part, je pensais que je me battais pour sauver les arbres \u00e0 caoutchouc; puis j&rsquo;ai pens\u00e9 que je me battais pour sauver la for\u00eat tropicale amazonienne. Maintenant je r\u00e9alise que je me bats pour l&rsquo;humanit\u00e9\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Mendes.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"CENTER\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>Cet article fait partie d&rsquo;un dossier multim\u00e9dia sur la for\u00eat tropicale d&rsquo;Amazonie \u00e0 retrouver sur:<br \/>\n<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.cifor.org\/amazon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">forestsnews.cifor.org\/amazon<\/a><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Devenu pr\u00e9sident du Conseil national des r\u00e9colteurs de caoutchouc, il lia des partenariats avec le mouvement international de protection de l&rsquo;environnement et fut un pionnier de l&rsquo;id\u00e9e de \u00ab<a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/online-library\/browse\/view-publication\/publication\/1778.html\" target=\"_blank\">r\u00e9serve extractives<\/a>\u00bb comme moyen pour les peuples des for\u00eats de gagner leur vie tout en prot\u00e9geant la for\u00eat.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Mais cela provoqua la col\u00e8re des puissants propri\u00e9taires et de leurs bailleurs de fonds. En 1987, Mendes d\u00e9joua les plans de l&rsquo;\u00e9leveur Darly Alves Da Silva qui voulait d\u00e9fricher une zone de for\u00eat pressentie pour devenir r\u00e9serve naturelle.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Le 22 d\u00e9cembre 1988, Mendes a \u00e9t\u00e9 abattu \u00e0 l&rsquo;ext\u00e9rieur de sa maison \u00e0 Xapuri. Da Silva, son fils et un autre homme ont \u00e9t\u00e9 reconnus coupable du meurtre.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Marcos Afonso, ami de Mendes devenu Directeur de la <a href=\"http:\/\/bibliotecaflorestaacre.blogspot.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\">Biblioth\u00e8que de l&rsquo;Acre<\/a> sur la For\u00eat, estime que les \u00e9leveurs ont commis une \u00e9norme erreur.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00abIls ont supprim\u00e9 le leader pour affaiblir la r\u00e9sistance. Mais elle s&rsquo;est, au contraire, accrue\u00bb, dit-il.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Le meurtre a suscit\u00e9 une vague d&rsquo;indignation internationale et de grandes manifestations dans tout le Br\u00e9sil. \u00abBien s\u00fbr, nous avons \u00e9t\u00e9 attrist\u00e9s par son meurtre et nous avons beaucoup pleur\u00e9. Mais le combat en est sorti grandi\u00bb, dit Afonso.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00abL&rsquo;h\u00e9ritage de Chico, c&rsquo;est son courage, sa d\u00e9termination, et sa croyance en un future diff\u00e9rent pour l&rsquo;Amazone.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Dix ans apr\u00e8s sa mort, <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/acm\/download\/pub\/grassroot\/OP-49.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">les alli\u00e9s de Mendes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 port\u00e9 au pouvoir dans l&rsquo;Acre<\/a>, \u00e9tablissant un \u00abGouvernement de la For\u00eat\u00bb auto-proclam\u00e9, et instituant <a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/17275\/special-report-how-a-remote-amazonian-state-is-leading-the-way-in-climate-change-policy#.UrYe4GTuLK4\" target=\"_blank\">une s\u00e9rie de lois vertes<\/a> et de <a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/17275\/special-report-how-a-remote-amazonian-state-is-leading-the-way-in-climate-change-policy#.UrYe4mTuLK4\" target=\"_blank\">d\u00e9veloppement faible en carbone<\/a> visant \u00e0 pr\u00e9server la bande d&rsquo;Amazone restante dans l&rsquo;\u00e9tat.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00abNotre \u00e9tat constitue une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence internationale pour une utilisation intelligente des ressources de la for\u00eat sans destruction foresti\u00e8re\u00bb, dit Afonso.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">L&rsquo;<a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/acm\/download\/pub\/grassroot\/OP-49.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">h\u00e9ritage de Mendes<\/a> ne se limite pas \u00e0 l&rsquo;Acre, il s&rsquo;\u00e9tend \u00e0 travers le Br\u00e9sil. Un an apr\u00e8s sa mort, la premi\u00e8re r\u00e9serve extractive du pays a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e; maintenant, <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/online-library\/browse\/view-publication\/publication\/1778.html\" target=\"_blank\">il y en a au moins 48<\/a>, couvrant plus de 12 millions d&rsquo;hectares de l&rsquo;Amazone. <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/online-library\/browse\/view-publication\/publication\/3418.html\" target=\"_blank\">Les recherches du CIFOR dans certaines de ces r\u00e9serves ont conclu<\/a> qu&rsquo;elles avaient permis un d\u00e9veloppement positif et une pr\u00e9servation av\u00e9r\u00e9e.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00abLe mouvement des <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>seringueiros <\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">que Chico Mendes a dirig\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 le catalyseur d&rsquo;un profond changement au Br\u00e9sil\u00bb, selon le chercheur du CIFOR Peter Cronkleton.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00abPar cons\u00e9quent, les peuples des for\u00eats \u00e0 travers le Br\u00e9sil ont eu l&rsquo;opportunit\u00e9 de voir leurs droits sur les ressources foresti\u00e8res reconnus.\u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00abEn fait, au-del\u00e0 des r\u00e9serves extractives, ces changements ont men\u00e9 \u00e0 de nombreux mod\u00e8les de propri\u00e9t\u00e9s innovantes, telles que les r\u00e9serves de d\u00e9veloppement durable et les colonies agro-extractives qui permettent aux personnes rurales de maintenir des moyens de subsistances bas\u00e9s sur les for\u00eats\u00bb, dit-il.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Il y a toujours de nombreux d\u00e9fis dans l&rsquo;Amazone br\u00e9silien. Selon <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cptnacional.org.br\/\" target=\"_blank\">une ONG br\u00e9silienne, pr\u00e8s de 1000 personnes<\/a> ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9es au cours de disputes sur des terres rurales \u00e0 travers l&rsquo;Amazone br\u00e9silien depuis 1985.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Et bien que les taux de d\u00e9forestation aient <a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/13491\/how-much-credit-can-brazil-take-for-slowing-amazon-deforestation-and-how-low-can-it-go\" target=\"_blank\">beaucoup chut\u00e9<\/a> depuis l&rsquo;\u00e9poque de Mendes, la for\u00eat <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/publications\/pdf_files\/WPapers\/WP40Wertz-Kanounnikoff.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">demeure menac\u00e9e<\/a>, par le feu, l&rsquo;exploitation non-durable, le d\u00e9veloppement des infrastructures et l&rsquo;expansion agricole.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Mais Afonso pense que Mendes serait fier des avanc\u00e9es de l&rsquo;Acre.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00abJe parle souvent aux enfants de Chico et je leur demande &lsquo;Que penserait Chico Mendes de ce que nous faisons aujourd&rsquo;hui?&rsquo; Ils r\u00e9pondent toujours &lsquo;Il serait tr\u00e8s content&rsquo;\u00bb, dit Afonso.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00abS&rsquo;il \u00e9tait toujours en vie, Chico Mendes serait heureux \u2013 et continuerait de se battre pour l&rsquo;Amazone, parce que c&rsquo;est un combat sans fin. Il y a de vieilles forces obsol\u00e8tes dans les secteurs politique et \u00e9conomique, qui ont toujours une vision anthropocentrique du d\u00e9veloppement.\u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"fr-FR\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00abNous devons continuer de r\u00e9sister et de d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles id\u00e9es et mod\u00e8les\u00bb, dit-il. \u00abMais je pense que nous faisons justice \u00e0 l&rsquo;h\u00e9ritage de Chico.\u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><b>Pour plus d&rsquo;information sur les questions discut\u00e9es dans cet article, veuillez contacter Peter Cronkleton sur <\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"mailto:%20p.cronkleton@cgiar.org\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><b>p.cronkleton@cgiar.org<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><em><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><b>.<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Note de l&rsquo;\u00e9diteur Le 22 d\u00e9cembre 1988 \u2013 il y a 25 ans ce dimanche \u2013 Chico Mendes \u00e9tait assassin\u00e9. Au cours de sa vie, Mendes s&rsquo;est battu pour les droits des r\u00e9colteurs de caoutchouc dans sa r\u00e9gion natale de l&rsquo;Acre, au Br\u00e9sil, ainsi que pour la protection des for\u00eats amazoniennes, dont d\u00e9pendaient leur moyens [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":63,"featured_media":20739,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[137,95],"tags":[1224],"language":[2170],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[545],"class_list":["post-20773","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forest-management-restoration","category-human-wellbeing","tag-south-america","language-francais"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Martyr de l&#039;Amazone: l&#039;h\u00e9ritage de Chico Mendes - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/20773\/martyr-de-lamazone-lheritage-de-chico-mendes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Martyr de l&#039;Amazone: l&#039;h\u00e9ritage de Chico Mendes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Note de l&rsquo;\u00e9diteur Le 22 d\u00e9cembre 1988 \u2013 il y a 25 ans ce dimanche \u2013 Chico Mendes \u00e9tait assassin\u00e9. Au cours de sa vie, Mendes s&rsquo;est battu pour les droits des r\u00e9colteurs de caoutchouc dans sa r\u00e9gion natale de l&rsquo;Acre, au Br\u00e9sil, ainsi que pour la protection des for\u00eats amazoniennes, dont d\u00e9pendaient leur moyens [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/20773\/martyr-de-lamazone-lheritage-de-chico-mendes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Landscape Alliance Forests News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-12-21T23:11:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-07-07T04:19:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/Chico-Mendes.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"352\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"305\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Kate Evans\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/20773\\\/martyr-de-lamazone-lheritage-de-chico-mendes#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/20773\\\/martyr-de-lamazone-lheritage-de-chico-mendes\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Kate Evans\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4876a00a383e40d407811a87baf4130e\"},\"headline\":\"Martyr de l&rsquo;Amazone: l&rsquo;h\u00e9ritage de Chico Mendes\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-12-21T23:11:37+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-07-07T04:19:53+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/20773\\\/martyr-de-lamazone-lheritage-de-chico-mendes\"},\"wordCount\":1472,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/fr\\\/20773\\\/martyr-de-lamazone-lheritage-de-chico-mendes#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2013\\\/12\\\/Chico-Mendes.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"South America\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Forest management &amp; 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