{"id":20684,"date":"2013-12-18T06:00:48","date_gmt":"2013-12-17T23:00:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=20684"},"modified":"2018-02-07T11:58:31","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T04:58:31","slug":"le-flux-dinformations-est-vital-pour-ladaptation-fondee-sur-les-ecosystemes-experts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/20684\/le-flux-dinformations-est-vital-pour-ladaptation-fondee-sur-les-ecosystemes-experts","title":{"rendered":"Le flux d’informations est vital pour l’adaptation fond\u00e9e sur les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes – experts"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"En<\/a>
Au Costa Rica, dans le sous-bassin versant du Birris, une combinaison de pr\u00e9cipitations extr\u00eames, d’horticulture intensive et de p\u00e2turage par des vaches laiti\u00e8res sur les pentes raides a provoqu\u00e9 une forte \u00e9rosion, ce qui pose probl\u00e8me aux agriculteurs et au secteur de l’hydro\u00e9lectricit\u00e9. Photo: don r faulkner<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

SAN JOS\u00c9, Costa Rica (8 juillet 2013) \u2013 Identifier les organisations susceptibles de combler les lacunes de connaissances est une \u00e9tape importante quand on recherche des moyens efficaces pour concevoir des strat\u00e9gies d’adaptation locale au changement climatique, selon un expert en adaptation fond\u00e9e sur les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes.<\/span><\/p>\n

De tels organismes peuvent aider \u00e0 cr\u00e9er des partenariats collaboratifs entre les agriculteurs, les scientifiques et les d\u00e9cideurs politiques, selon Raffaele Vignola, directeur de la Chaire latino-am\u00e9ricaine des d\u00e9cisions environnementales pour un changement global au Centro Agron\u00f3mico Tropical de Investigaci\u00f3n y Ense\u00f1anza (CATIE)<\/a> au Costa Rica.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abNous devons reconna\u00eetre que l’adaptation se d\u00e9roule dans des contextes de gouvernance complexe et institutionnelle\u00bb, dit M. Vignola, qui a men\u00e9 des recherches<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/span>dans le sous-bassin versant du Birris dans le centre du Costa Rica. Une combinaison de pr\u00e9cipitations extr\u00eames, d’horticulture intensive et de p\u00e2turage par des vaches laiti\u00e8res sur les pentes raides y a provoqu\u00e9 une \u00e9rosion importante<\/a>, ce qui pose probl\u00e8me aux agriculteurs et au secteur de l’hydro\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La r\u00e9gion en amont du bassin versant est soumise \u00e0 une production agricole intensive. Au cours des 40 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, l’augmentation observ\u00e9e et projet\u00e9e des \u00e9v\u00e9nements de pr\u00e9cipitations extr\u00eames li\u00e9s au changement climatique risque d’accro\u00eetre la vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 de ces zones face \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9rosion<\/a> du sol. En m\u00eame temps, les barrages hydro\u00e9lectriques en aval sont affect\u00e9s par l’\u00e9rosion en amont \u2013 ce qui entra\u00eene des co\u00fbts annuels de plus de 2 millions de dollars pour purger les s\u00e9diments et draguer les barrages<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Birris fait partie du bassin versant de Reventaz\u00f3n, la principale zone de production d’\u00e9nergie hydro\u00e9lectrique du Costa Rica, o\u00f9 les barrages fournissent plus de 37% de l’approvisionnement en \u00e9lectricit\u00e9 du pays<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Les interactions entre les acteurs qui ont des int\u00e9r\u00eats, des mandats, des langues et une compr\u00e9hension des probl\u00e8mes et des solutions diff\u00e9rents, influencent la mani\u00e8re dont l\u2019action collective peut promouvoir la conservation dans des bassins versants aussi vuln\u00e9rables que celui de Birris, dit M. Vignola.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ainsi, les organismes qui visent \u00e0 synth\u00e9tiser les informations pour ces acteurs, peuvent jouer un r\u00f4le important en traduisant des messages d’un domaine pour un autre – par exemple des scientifiques aux agriculteurs et vice versa – et elles peuvent potentiellement am\u00e9liorer la base des informations qui guide la prise de d\u00e9cision. Elles peuvent \u00e9galement promouvoir des opinions partag\u00e9es, tout en g\u00e9n\u00e9rant des efforts de collaboration et de compr\u00e9hension parmi les multiples acteurs, d\u00e9clare M. Vignola lors du troisi\u00e8me Congr\u00e8s latino-am\u00e9ricain de l\u2019IUFRO<\/a> \u00e0 San Jos\u00e9 en juin.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ces flux d’informations peuvent soutenir l’adaptation fond\u00e9e sur les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes<\/a> (ABE), que M. Vignola d\u00e9crit comme \u00abune approche polyvalente qui a de multiples b\u00e9n\u00e9fices\u00bb pour construire la r\u00e9silience des communaut\u00e9s et des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes locaux et pour r\u00e9duire les risques associ\u00e9s au changement climatique.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019ABE est bas\u00e9e sur la reconnaissance du fait que les services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques, tels que la fourniture de nourriture et la r\u00e9duction des inondations ou des glissements de terrain, prot\u00e8gent les personnes contre les menaces climatiques. Elle reconna\u00eet \u00e9galement que les personnes qui d\u00e9pendent directement de ces services seront les plus durement touch\u00e9es.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abAfin de tirer le meilleur parti de l’ABE, nous devons int\u00e9grer des informations issues de plusieurs disciplines dans les strat\u00e9gies locales\u00bb, explique M. Vignola.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La recherche de M. Vignola confirme des conclusions ant\u00e9rieures (voir par exemple ici<\/a>, ici<\/a>, ici<\/a> et ici<\/a>) sur la fa\u00e7on dont les organismes interm\u00e9diaires peuvent aider les communaut\u00e9s locales \u00e0 s’adapter aux changements de leur environnement.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abLes organismes interm\u00e9diaires peuvent notamment aider en communicant des r\u00e9sultats pertinents de recherches et en traduisant des messages dans la langue appropri\u00e9e pour chaque communaut\u00e9 politique et la m\u00e9diation entre les int\u00e9r\u00eats\u00bb, dit-il.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations sur les enjeux abord\u00e9s dans cet article, veuillez contacter Bruno Locatelli sur b.locatelli@cgiar.org<\/a> ou Raffaele Vignola sur <\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>rvignola@catie.ac.cr<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Cette recherche a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9e dans le cadre du Programme de recherche du CGIAR sur les for\u00eats, les arbres et l’agroforesterie et le Programme de recherche sur les for\u00eats tropicales et l\u2019adaptation au changement climatique (TroFCCA), qui sont men\u00e9s par CATIE et CIFOR et financ\u00e9s par la Commission europ\u00e9enne.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  SAN JOS\u00c9, Costa Rica (8 juillet 2013) \u2013 Identifier les organisations susceptibles de combler les lacunes de connaissances est une \u00e9tape importante quand on recherche des moyens efficaces pour concevoir des strat\u00e9gies d’adaptation locale au changement climatique, selon un expert en adaptation fond\u00e9e sur les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes. De tels organismes peuvent aider \u00e0 cr\u00e9er des […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":17732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,95],"tags":[479],"language":[2170],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[230],"class_list":["post-20684","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-human-wellbeing","tag-global","language-francais"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLe flux d'informations est vital pour l'adaptation fond\u00e9e sur les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes - experts - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/20684\/le-flux-dinformations-est-vital-pour-ladaptation-fondee-sur-les-ecosystemes-experts\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le flux d'informations est vital pour l'adaptation fond\u00e9e sur les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes - experts\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"  SAN JOS\u00c9, Costa Rica (8 juillet 2013) \u2013 Identifier les organisations susceptibles de combler les lacunes de connaissances est une \u00e9tape importante quand on recherche des moyens efficaces pour concevoir des strat\u00e9gies d’adaptation locale au changement climatique, selon un expert en adaptation fond\u00e9e sur les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes. 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