{"id":20470,"date":"2013-11-27T01:04:05","date_gmt":"2013-11-26T18:04:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=20470"},"modified":"2016-02-05T11:27:46","modified_gmt":"2016-02-05T04:27:46","slug":"lechange-didees-a-oslo-ouvre-la-voie-a-des-progres-sur-la-redd-a-varsovie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/20470\/lechange-didees-a-oslo-ouvre-la-voie-a-des-progres-sur-la-redd-a-varsovie","title":{"rendered":"L’\u00e9change d’id\u00e9es \u00e0 Oslo ouvre la voie \u00e0 des progr\u00e8s sur la REDD+ \u00e0 Varsovie"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Pertemuan<\/a>
L’Echange sur la REDD+ \u00e0 Oslo a \u00e9t\u00e9 l’occasion de relancer le programme REDD+ et de motiver de nombreuses personnes impliqu\u00e9es dans le programme avant les n\u00e9gociations de l’ONU sur le climat \u00e0 Varsovie, en Pologne. CIFOR\/Julie Mollins<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

VARSOVIE, Pologne (12 novembre 2013) – Les d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s se r\u00e9unissent cette semaine au Stade national de Varsovie pour travailler sur les points en attente concernant la REDD+, ce programme soutenu par l’ONU ayant bloqu\u00e9 les n\u00e9gociations internationales sur le changement climatique l’an dernier \u00e0 Doha, au Qatar.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Peu s’attendent \u00e0 une perc\u00e9e majeure pour un accord sur le climat \u00e0 la COP19, mais beaucoup esp\u00e8rent que les n\u00e9gociateurs feront des progr\u00e8s dans l’\u00e9laboration des d\u00e9tails relatifs \u00e0 l’\u00e9tablissement de normes pour des composants importants, tels que le financement ou le suivi, la notification et la v\u00e9rification (MRV) des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Depuis ses d\u00e9buts en 2008, la REDD+ a \u00e9volu\u00e9 vers un cadre beaucoup plus complexe et mature, partant de l’id\u00e9e assez simple de donner une r\u00e9mun\u00e9ration financi\u00e8re aux pays pour la conservation des for\u00eats – en tant que prestataires de services \u00e9cologiques – en laissant les arbres sur pied.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Les n\u00e9gociateurs sont dans une position d\u00e9licate car ils doivent surmonter de nombreux obstacles sociaux et \u00e9conomiques pour que le m\u00e9canisme REDD+ soit couronn\u00e9 de succ\u00e8s. Si le monde veut vraiment soutenir le r\u00f4le des for\u00eats dans l’att\u00e9nuation du changement climatique, le m\u00e9canisme doit \u00eatre \u00e9labor\u00e9 par la coop\u00e9ration internationale et par de nouveaux mod\u00e8les de collaboration internationale de mani\u00e8re d\u00e9mocratique et transparente.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

De nombreux pays sont impliqu\u00e9s. Les acteurs repr\u00e9sentent un large \u00e9ventail de secteurs de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile et du gouvernement, dot\u00e9s diff\u00e9rents degr\u00e9s de force, d’influence, de compr\u00e9hension et de confiance mutuelle. Cependant, les progr\u00e8s sont lents au niveau des politiques nationales des pays engag\u00e9s dans la REDD+. Au niveau mondial, des \u00e9l\u00e9ments essentiels du cadre de la REDD+ et le financement ne sont pas s\u00e9curis\u00e9s.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Environ 500 experts de la REDD+ se sont r\u00e9unis, il y a tout juste une semaine, pour l’<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00c9change sur la REDD \u00e0 Oslo <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>en 2013<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>, la seconde conf\u00e9rence de ce genre, financ\u00e9e par l’<\/span><\/span><\/span>Agence norv\u00e9gienne de coop\u00e9ration pour le d\u00e9veloppement<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span> (NORAD). Il a fourni l’occasion de relancer le programme REDD+ et de motiver de nombreuses personnes impliqu\u00e9es dans la REDD+ avant le 19\u00e8me sommet international sur le climat, la Conf\u00e9rence des Parties de la Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur le changement climatique (CCNUCC) qui commence cette semaine dans la capitale de la Pologne.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Le format inhabituel de l’\u00c9change offrait une nouvelle configuration par rapport au <\/span><\/span><\/span>style de conf\u00e9rence<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span> habituel. Il \u00e9tait presque enti\u00e8rement compos\u00e9 de d\u00e9bats d’experts organis\u00e9s autour de quatre th\u00e8mes diff\u00e9rents, comprenant les paysages, les mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res, l’analyse et le consensus – domaines qui forment le portfolio de recherche de NORAD.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Les organisateurs sont partis du format de conf\u00e9rence scientifique typique qui consiste \u00e0 \u00abmontrer-et-dire\u00bb en incluant les intervenants des pays en voie de d\u00e9veloppement et de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile qui sont actifs dans la mise en \u0153uvre de la REDD+. Ceci a rendu l’\u00e9v\u00e9nement particuli\u00e8rement anim\u00e9 et instructif.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Un \u00abResult Bar\u00bb a permis \u00e0 15 s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9s, parmi les 41 organismes financ\u00e9s par NORAD et le gouvernement de l’Initiative Internationale de la Norv\u00e8ge sur le Climat et la For\u00eat, de pr\u00e9senter les r\u00e9sultats de leurs projets.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Plusieurs scientifiques impliqu\u00e9s dans l’\u00c9tude comparative globale sur la REDD+ du Centre de Recherche Foresti\u00e8re Internationale (CIFOR) \u00e9taient pr\u00e9sents lors du Result Bar et se sont joints aux discussions sur la REDD+ en tant que menace ou opportunit\u00e9 pour les droits des populations locales. De m\u00eame, le r\u00f4le du paiement pour la performance et l’am\u00e9lioration des syst\u00e8mes nationaux de MRV ont \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9s.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En 2012, le CIFOR a publi\u00e9 \u00ab<\/span><\/span><\/span>L’Analyse de la REDD+<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00bb, un livre r\u00e9sumant son \u00c9tude comparative globale, qui souligne l’importance des enjeux de la mise \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle de la REDD+. Le livre abordait par exemple la fa\u00e7on dont le maintien des flux d’information et de la coordination entre les niveaux international, national et infranational de gouvernance est important pour la REDD+.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Les questions relatives aux droits fonciers sont essentielles pour les villageois qui mettent en \u0153uvre des projets de REDD+. Bien que des efforts soient d\u00e9ploy\u00e9s pour r\u00e9soudre les questions de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 fonci\u00e8re au niveau local, la l\u00e9gislation nationale doit les aborder de mani\u00e8re non ambig\u00fce et transparente.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La d\u00e9termination des niveaux de carbone et la mesure des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre sont cruciales pour la REDD+, mais de nombreux pays ont du mal \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper leurs capacit\u00e9s nationales pour mesurer et g\u00e9rer des donn\u00e9es aussi complexes.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Il est important de d\u00e9velopper une approche \u00ab\u00e9tape-par-\u00e9tape\u00bb de la MRV qui permet aux pays ayant des niveaux de capacit\u00e9 diff\u00e9rents de participer pleinement \u00e0 la REDD+. Une approche progressive serait utile pour de nombreux autres aspects li\u00e9s \u00e0 l’att\u00e9nuation du changement climatique. Elle encouragerait les pays \u00e0 construire lentement des technologies, des capacit\u00e9s et une confiance en la REDD+, alors que le m\u00e9canisme \u00e9volue.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Il est souvent soulign\u00e9 que le changement climatique exige une action urgente, mais il faut assurer la transparence du processus international qui y m\u00e8ne, car sera la cl\u00e9 de la durabilit\u00e9 pour tout accord.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Beaucoup esp\u00e8rent que les d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s prendront des d\u00e9cisions fortes et d\u00e9cisives sur la REDD+ lors de la Conf\u00e9rence des Parties \u00e0 Varsovie.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations sur les sujets abord\u00e9s dans cet article, veuillez contacter Christopher Martius \u00e0 <\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>c.martius@cgiar.org<\/a>.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ce travail s’inscrit dans le cadre du Programme de recherche du CGIAR sur les for\u00eats, les arbres et l’agroforesterie.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

VARSOVIE, Pologne (12 novembre 2013) – Les d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s se r\u00e9unissent cette semaine au Stade national de Varsovie pour travailler sur les points en attente concernant la REDD+, ce programme soutenu par l’ONU ayant bloqu\u00e9 les n\u00e9gociations internationales sur le changement climatique l’an dernier \u00e0 Doha, au Qatar. Peu s’attendent \u00e0 une perc\u00e9e majeure pour un […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":119,"featured_media":20143,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,180,151],"tags":[479],"language":[2170],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[1299,1300,989],"class_list":["post-20470","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-mitigating-climate-change","category-redd-2","tag-global","language-francais"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nL'\u00e9change d'id\u00e9es \u00e0 Oslo ouvre la voie \u00e0 des progr\u00e8s sur la REDD+ \u00e0 Varsovie - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/20470\/lechange-didees-a-oslo-ouvre-la-voie-a-des-progres-sur-la-redd-a-varsovie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L'\u00e9change d'id\u00e9es \u00e0 Oslo ouvre la voie \u00e0 des progr\u00e8s sur la REDD+ \u00e0 Varsovie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"VARSOVIE, Pologne (12 novembre 2013) – Les d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s se r\u00e9unissent cette semaine au Stade national de Varsovie pour travailler sur les points en attente concernant la REDD+, ce programme soutenu par l’ONU ayant bloqu\u00e9 les n\u00e9gociations internationales sur le changement climatique l’an dernier \u00e0 Doha, au Qatar. 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