{"id":163114,"date":"2026-09-08T23:37:12","date_gmt":"2026-09-08T16:37:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/163114\/congo-basin-forest-agreements"},"modified":"2026-09-08T23:37:17","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T16:37:17","slug":"accords-forets-bassin-congo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/163114\/accords-forets-bassin-congo","title":{"rendered":"Des promesses \u00e0 la pratique : les accords sur les for\u00eats du bassin du Congo produisent-ils des r\u00e9sultats ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

S\u2019\u00e9tendant \u00e0 travers l\u2019Afrique centrale, le bassin du Congo est souvent pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme la deuxi\u00e8me plus grande for\u00eat tropicale humide du monde apr\u00e8s l\u2019Amazonie. Il abrite une biodiversit\u00e9 exceptionnelle et fournit des ressources essentielles \u00e0 des millions de personnes qui en d\u00e9pendent pour leur alimentation, leurs revenus et d\u2019autres besoins fondamentaux. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Au fil des ann\u00e9es, les pays de la r\u00e9gion ont sign\u00e9 et ratifi\u00e9 des accords internationaux visant \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger ces for\u00eats et \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre aux d\u00e9fis et aux pressions environnementales auxquels elles sont confront\u00e9es. Les gouvernements se sont engag\u00e9s dans de nombreux cadres mondiaux et r\u00e9gionaux portant notamment sur le changement climatique, la conservation de la biodiversit\u00e9 et la lutte contre l\u2019exploitation foresti\u00e8re ill\u00e9gale. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mais signer un accord n\u2019est que le d\u00e9but.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le nouveau rapport \u00c9tat des for\u00eats du bassin du Congo 2025<\/em> (EDF 2025)<\/a> examine ce qui se passe une fois ces engagements pris. Il \u00e9value dans quelle mesure les accords sont effectivement mis en \u0153uvre et s\u2019ils produisent les r\u00e9sultats escompt\u00e9s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cette approche fait de l\u2019\u00e9dition 2025 l\u2019une des plus singuli\u00e8res de l\u2019histoire de la s\u00e9rie \u00c9tat des for\u00eats<\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Des tendances foresti\u00e8res \u00e0 la gouvernance environnementale<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Les \u00e9ditions pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes<\/a> \u00e9taient principalement consacr\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tat des for\u00eats de la r\u00e9gion, en examinant des questions telles que les ressources foresti\u00e8res, les changements d\u2019utilisation des terres, les concessions foresti\u00e8res et la restauration. L\u2019\u00e9dition de cette ann\u00e9e adopte une approche diff\u00e9rente en mettant l\u2019accent sur les syst\u00e8mes de gouvernance cens\u00e9s assurer leur protection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le rapport examine comment les pays d\u2019Afrique centrale traduisent les engagements environnementaux internationaux en politiques, institutions, investissements et actions concr\u00e8tes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Publi\u00e9 en fran\u00e7ais, cet ouvrage de 13 chapitres, sous-titr\u00e9 \u00ab Mise en \u0153uvre des conventions internationales sur l\u2019environnement et les for\u00eats<\/a> \u00bb, \u00e9value la mise en \u0153uvre de plusieurs accords majeurs, notamment l\u2019Accord de Paris, la Convention sur la diversit\u00e9 biologique<\/a>, la Convention des Nations unies sur la lutte contre la d\u00e9sertification<\/a> et la Convention sur le commerce international des esp\u00e8ces de faune et de flore sauvages menac\u00e9es d\u2019extinction. Il examine \u00e9galement les accords de partenariat volontaires relatifs \u00e0 la gouvernance foresti\u00e8re ainsi que plusieurs trait\u00e9s r\u00e9gionaux \u00e9labor\u00e9s dans le cadre de la coop\u00e9ration en Afrique centrale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En analysant la mani\u00e8re dont les accords environnementaux interagissent avec les droits humains, les peuples autochtones et les communaut\u00e9s locales, le rapport propose une lecture globale des syst\u00e8mes juridiques, institutionnels, sociaux et politiques qui fa\u00e7onnent l\u2019avenir du bassin du Congo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Des personnes puisent de l\u2019eau et vaquent \u00e0 leurs activit\u00e9s quotidiennes le long d\u2019une berge en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo. Photo : Axel Fassio \/ Landscape Alliance. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pourquoi cette question est-elle importante aujourd\u2019hui ?<\/strong> \u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Les gouvernements du monde entier prennent des engagements de plus en plus ambitieux pour r\u00e9pondre aux pressions environnementales et promouvoir le d\u00e9veloppement durable. Pourtant, les pressions li\u00e9es \u00e0 la d\u00e9forestation persistent, la biodiversit\u00e9 continue de d\u00e9cliner et de nombreuses communaut\u00e9s tributaires des for\u00eats restent confront\u00e9es \u00e0 des difficult\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques. Les gouvernements doivent d\u00e9sormais trouver un \u00e9quilibre entre les objectifs de conservation et les besoins de d\u00e9veloppement, tout en composant avec des ressources financi\u00e8res limit\u00e9es et des syst\u00e8mes de gouvernance complexes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le rapport identifie la mise en \u0153uvre effective des engagements comme l\u2019un des principaux d\u00e9fis auxquels la r\u00e9gion est confront\u00e9e. Bien que les situations varient d\u2019un pays d\u2019Afrique centrale \u00e0 l\u2019autre, de nombreux gouvernements peinent \u00e0 traduire les engagements internationaux en politiques nationales op\u00e9rationnelles et en actions concr\u00e8tes. Ce d\u00e9calage entre les ambitions et leur mise en \u0153uvre continue de freiner les progr\u00e8s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Ce volume s\u2019inscrit dans un contexte mondial marqu\u00e9 par une augmentation des engagements en faveur du climat, une prise de conscience croissante des enjeux li\u00e9s \u00e0 la biodiversit\u00e9, mais aussi par une multiplication des crises \u00e9conomiques et politiques qui compliquent les conditions de mise en \u0153uvre des normes environnementales \u00bb<\/em>, explique Abdon Awono<\/a>, coordinateur du projet Observatoire des for\u00eats d\u2019Afrique centrale \u2013 Centre d\u2019excellence (OFAC-CE)<\/a> au sein de Landscape Alliance. \u00ab En Afrique centrale, ces tensions se traduisent souvent par des arbitrages difficiles entre les exigences de conservation des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes et les imp\u00e9ratifs de croissance \u00e9conomique, de souverainet\u00e9 nationale ou de justice sociale. Ainsi, malgr\u00e9 la multiplication des r\u00e9glementations, les r\u00e9sultats attendus en mati\u00e8re de lutte contre la d\u00e9forestation, de renforcement de la gouvernance foresti\u00e8re ou de valorisation des services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques peinent \u00e0 se concr\u00e9tiser. \u00bb<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le rapport met en \u00e9vidence des obstacles persistants, notamment la difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 concilier les attentes internationales avec les r\u00e9alit\u00e9s nationales. Il reconna\u00eet \u00e9galement les progr\u00e8s importants accomplis par les pays de la r\u00e9gion. Ses recommandations appellent \u00e0 renforcer la gouvernance environnementale, \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la coordination entre les institutions et \u00e0 mettre en place des mesures permettant de garantir que les accords internationaux produisent des b\u00e9n\u00e9fices tangibles pour les for\u00eats et les populations. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alors que l\u2019attention internationale se tourne de plus en plus vers le bassin du Congo, l\u2019EDF 2025 livre une conclusion claire : prot\u00e9ger l\u2019un des plus vastes paysages de for\u00eats tropicales de la plan\u00e8te n\u00e9cessite davantage que des promesses. Il faut des actions concr\u00e8tes, de la redevabilit\u00e9 et un engagement politique durable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"Community
Des membres de la communaut\u00e9 se r\u00e9unissent lors d\u2019une s\u00e9ance de sensibilisation en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo. Photo : Ollivier Girard \/\u00a0Landscape\u00a0Alliance.\u00a0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"People
Des personnes ach\u00e8tent et vendent des produits agricoles sur un march\u00e9 hebdomadaire \u00e0\u00a0Yanonge, en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo. Photo : Axel Fassio \/\u00a0Landscape\u00a0Alliance<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Un effort collaboratif \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle r\u00e9gionale<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Produit par l\u2019OFAC, l\u2019unit\u00e9 technique de la Commission des for\u00eats d\u2019Afrique centrale (COMIFAC)<\/a>, le rapport 2025 s\u2019appuie sur les comp\u00e9tences et l\u2019exp\u00e9rience d\u2019acteurs issus de l\u2019ensemble de l\u2019Afrique centrale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Des chercheurs, des experts juridiques, des d\u00e9cideurs politiques, des organisations r\u00e9gionales et des acteurs de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 cette publication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les institutions participantes sont \u00e9tablies au Cameroun<\/a>, en R\u00e9publique du Congo, en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo<\/a>, au Gabon<\/a>, en R\u00e9publique centrafricaine<\/a>, en Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale<\/a>, au Tchad<\/a>, au Rwanda<\/a> et au Burundi<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n
Afrique centrale<\/a>, <\/span>Bassin du Congo<\/a>, <\/span>Biodiversit\u00e9<\/a>, <\/span>changement climatique<\/a>, <\/span>COMIFAC<\/a>, <\/span>communaut\u00e9s locales<\/a>, <\/span>D\u00e9forestation<\/a>, <\/span>Etats des for\u00eats<\/a>, <\/span>gouvernance foresti\u00e8re<\/a>, <\/span>les accords environnementaux<\/a>, <\/span>OFAC<\/a>, <\/span>Peuples indig\u00e8nes<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le rapport \u00c9tat des for\u00eats du bassin du Congo 2025 examine si les accords r\u00e9gionaux et mondiaux contribuent \u00e0 transformer la gouvernance foresti\u00e8re en Afrique centrale.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":442,"featured_media":163041,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[12111,12051,12056],"tags":[13021,12837,13159,12542,13011,13523,12838,13520,13521,13524,13517,13522],"language":[2170],"location":[12246,12226,12220,12258,12275,13519],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[2431],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[10888],"class_list":["post-163114","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news-fr","category-gestion-et-restauration-forestiere","category-paysages","tag-afrique-centrale","tag-bassin-du-congo","tag-biodiversite","tag-changement-climatique","tag-comifac","tag-communautes-locales","tag-deforestation-2","tag-etats-des-forets","tag-gouvernance-forestiere","tag-les-accords-environnementaux","tag-ofac","tag-peuples-indigenes","language-francais","location-africa","location-cameroon","location-congo-basin","location-democratic-republic-of-congo","location-republic-of-congo","location-rwanda","type-english-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDes 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