{"id":163009,"date":"2026-09-03T20:11:26","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T13:11:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/163009\/yam-towers-of-managalas-part1"},"modified":"2026-09-03T22:06:39","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T15:06:39","slug":"les-tours-ignames-de-managalas-partie-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/163009\/les-tours-ignames-de-managalas-partie-1","title":{"rendered":"Igname et mariage\u00a0: c\u00e9r\u00e9monies d\u2019\u00e9change sur le plateau de Managalas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\u00ab Ceci n\u2019enrichit personne : il s\u2019agit essentiellement d\u2019un processus de redistribution de la richesse \u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Veux-tu venir voir les ignames ? \u00bb me demande Reckson Kajiaki, un chef communautaire du plateau de Managalas en Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guin\u00e9e.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ma premi\u00e8re r\u00e9action est plut\u00f4t ambivalente. C\u2019est mon dernier jour sur le terrain avec l\u2019\u00e9quipe PNG du Centre de recherche foresti\u00e8re internationale et du Centre International de Recherche en Agroforesterie (CIFOR-ICRAF), laquelle travaille avec des communaut\u00e9s locales pour mettre en place un plan de gestion pour la zone de conservation de Managalas (Managalas Conservation Area ou MCA) qui recouvre 214 696 hectares.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nous avons observ\u00e9 tellement de choses extraordinaires, des papillons g\u00e9ants<\/a>, des calaos papous, un spectacle de th\u00e9\u00e2tre <\/a>, que cette proposition d\u2019aller voir une simple exposition de tubercules me semble sans grand int\u00e9r\u00eat. Mais je le suis quand m\u00eame sur le chemin herbeux qui part du village de Joivi o\u00f9 nous logeons pour aller vers un autre village qui se trouve \u00e0 environ 20 minutes de marche de la grande route.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e8s que nous arrivons, je constate que je me trompais. Pour moi, les ignames sont des tubercules d\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Sud [Oxalis tuberosa<\/em>], de couleur jaune ou rose, qui ressemblent \u00e0 des doigts dodus et qu\u2019on voit parfois au supermarch\u00e9 \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de chez moi. Mais ce que j\u2019observe ici est extr\u00eamement diff\u00e9rent \u2013 et cela vaut le d\u00e9tour.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ignames r\u00e9colt\u00e9es et mises de c\u00f4t\u00e9 pour la c\u00e9r\u00e9monie. Photo : Monica Evans \/ CIFOR-ICRAF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Dans une clairi\u00e8re, des tiges de bambou sont plant\u00e9es en cercle \u00e0 un m\u00e8tre d\u2019intervalle et leurs extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s sup\u00e9rieures sont li\u00e9es ensemble. Cela repr\u00e9sente deux \u00e9tages, six \u00e0 huit m\u00e8tres de haut ! Les ignames se trouvent \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur du cercle, solidement attach\u00e9es par des lianes de pandanus. Ce sont des tubercules g\u00e9ants, mesurant environ un \u00e0 deux m\u00e8tres, brun beige, avec des verrues. Cette collection de renflements muscl\u00e9s s\u2019apparente \u00e0 une masse d\u2019anguilles rampant vers le ciel.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un homme est suspendu aux tiges \u00e0 mi-hauteur de cet \u00e9difice de bambou afin de continuer \u00e0 remplir l\u2019int\u00e9rieur d\u2019ignames. D\u2019imposants r\u00e9gimes de bananes, des tas de noix de coco, de noix d\u2019arec et de taro sont attach\u00e9s tout autour de la base. Non loin, dans une hutte un peu sombre, au toit assez bas, appel\u00e9e \u00ab maison de l\u2019igname \u00bb, s\u2019entassent des ignames blanches et violettes, encore plus tordues. C\u2019est une vision d\u2019abondance, qui comporte aussi une fonction socio-\u00e9conomique tr\u00e8s importante.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Tandis que nous regardons la sc\u00e8ne, des personnes venant d\u2019autres villages arrivent \u00e0 pied par les chemins. Certaines portent un short et un T-shirt, tandis que d\u2019autres arborent des colliers traditionnels et des coiffes faites de graines color\u00e9es, de plumes iridescentes et de casques de calao (le casque \u00e9tant la protub\u00e9rance osseuse situ\u00e9e sur le bec de cet oiseau). \u00c0 l\u2019arri\u00e8re de la coiffe d\u2019un homme, un oiseau de paradis au complet rebondit \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de guirlandes de No\u00ebl rouges et argent\u00e9es. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beaucoup de visiteurs portent leurs ignames g\u00e9antes, qu\u2019ils ont ligot\u00e9es entre des piquets de bois, orn\u00e9es de sculptures et de peintures et d\u00e9cor\u00e9es de perles et de plumes. Chacun, en fonction de ses propres obligations familiales, contribue \u00e0 cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement : une c\u00e9r\u00e9monie du prix de la mari\u00e9e, lors de laquelle la famille du mari offre une \u00ab dot \u00bb \u00e0 celle de la mari\u00e9e, qui redistribuera ensuite selon ses obligations particuli\u00e8res ces cadeaux \u00e0 la quantit\u00e9 d\u00e9finie et comportant de l\u2019argent, du b\u00e9tail (surtout des porcs), des produits agricoles, des objets pour la maison, etc.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00ab Beaucoup de personnes repartiront de la f\u00eate avec un sac \u00e0 dos plein d\u2019ignames pour les distribuer aux anciens de leur famille qui ne pouvaient se d\u00e9placer, ou pour payer leurs propres dettes gr\u00e2ce aux tubercules qu\u2019ils viennent de recevoir \u00bb, pr\u00e9cise Will Unsworth, scientifique au CIFOR-ICRAF et responsable du programme en Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guin\u00e9e. \u00ab Ceci n\u2019enrichit personne : il s\u2019agit essentiellement d\u2019un processus de redistribution de la richesse \u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tRead also<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\tThe bumpy road to community conservation in Papua New Guinea<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Par ailleurs, les \u00e9v\u00e9nements comme celui-ci r\u00e9unissent les familles au sens large (et des curieux) venant de tout le plateau, ce qui cr\u00e9e et renforce la coh\u00e9sion sociale permettant aux communaut\u00e9s de vivre en paix \u00bb, ajoute Unsworth. \u00ab Lors de ces rassemblements festifs, certaines personnes rencontrent leur futur \u00e9poux ou \u00e9pouse, des accords pour le partage de la terre et des contrats d\u2019entreprise s\u2019amorcent et des diff\u00e9rends de longue date se r\u00e8glent. \u00bb <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cette pratique s\u2019observe sur tout le territoire de la Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guin\u00e9e, mais le type de cadeaux \u2013 et les quantit\u00e9s demand\u00e9es \u2013 varient consid\u00e9rablement, ainsi que le moment choisi : dans ce cas, le mari et la femme \u00e9taient mari\u00e9s depuis 17 ans, et la famille du mari\u00e9 avait enfin pu accumuler les ressources n\u00e9cessaires pour payer. Ici, comme dans de nombreuses autres r\u00e9gions du pays, les ignames jouent un grand r\u00f4le. C\u2019\u00e9tait la principale monnaie d\u2019\u00e9change dans bon nombre de clans autrefois.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Cela fait fonction de cr\u00e9dit \u00bb, explique R. Kajiaki. \u00ab Si vous essayez d\u2019organiser une f\u00eate ou de payer le prix de la mari\u00e9e, il faut que je vienne vous aider. Et en retour, vous viendrez m\u2019aider quand ce sera mon tour de payer le prix de la mari\u00e9e. Si quelqu\u2019un essayait d\u2019assumer tout seul le prix de la dot, il ne pourrait pas planter ni r\u00e9colter la quantit\u00e9 d\u2019ignames n\u00e9cessaires, car le volume est consid\u00e9rable. Alors la t\u00e2che est r\u00e9partie entre les membres de la famille. \u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

> Comment les habitants de Managalas r\u00e9ussissent-ils \u00e0 cultiver des ignames aussi impressionnantes, et pourquoi ? D\u00e9couvrez-le dans la deuxi\u00e8me partie 2 de notre article.<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n
\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tRead next<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\tPART 2: Growing giants: How yams shape identity, knowledge and power in PNG<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Pour plus d\u2019informations sur ce projet, veuillez contacter <\/em> William Unsworth (CIFOR-ICRAF): <\/em> <\/i>w.unsworth@cifor-icraf.org<\/i><\/a> <\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00ab Ceci n\u2019enrichit personne : il s\u2019agit essentiellement d\u2019un processus de redistribution de la richesse \u00bb. \u00ab Veux-tu venir voir les ignames ? \u00bb me demande Reckson Kajiaki, un chef communautaire du plateau de Managalas en Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guin\u00e9e. Ma premi\u00e8re r\u00e9action est plut\u00f4t ambivalente. C\u2019est mon dernier jour sur le terrain avec l\u2019\u00e9quipe PNG du Centre de recherche foresti\u00e8re internationale et du […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":264,"featured_media":149741,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[12111],"tags":[13496,13185,13494],"language":[2170],"location":[13183],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[2428],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[7144],"class_list":["post-163009","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests-news-fr","tag-igname","tag-plateau-de-managalas","tag-png","language-francais","location-papua-new-guinea","type-english-photo-essay"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nIgname et mariage\u00a0: c\u00e9r\u00e9monies d\u2019\u00e9change sur le plateau de Managalas - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/163009\/les-tours-ignames-de-managalas-partie-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Igname et mariage\u00a0: c\u00e9r\u00e9monies d\u2019\u00e9change sur le plateau de Managalas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00ab Ceci n\u2019enrichit personne : il s\u2019agit essentiellement d\u2019un processus de redistribution de la richesse \u00bb. \u00ab Veux-tu venir voir les ignames ? \u00bb me demande Reckson Kajiaki, un chef communautaire du plateau de Managalas en Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guin\u00e9e. 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Ma premi\u00e8re r\u00e9action est plut\u00f4t ambivalente. 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