{"id":157634,"date":"2026-04-08T21:08:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T14:08:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/157634\/participatory-mapping-southern-cameroon-hunting-zones"},"modified":"2026-04-08T21:13:37","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T14:13:37","slug":"cartographie-participative-sud-cameroun-zones-chasse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/157634\/cartographie-participative-sud-cameroun-zones-chasse","title":{"rendered":"La cartographie participative : un v\u00e9ritable tournant pour l’autonomisation des communaut\u00e9s dans les zones de chasse du sud du Cameroun"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00c0 travers les r\u00e9gions tropicales, des millions de familles rurales continuent de d\u00e9pendre de la faune sauvage pour leur alimentation, leurs revenus et leur identit\u00e9 culturelle. Pourtant, des pratiques de chasse non durables \u2014 combin\u00e9es \u00e0 la perte d’habitat et \u00e0 la d\u00e9gradation des for\u00eats \u2014 appauvrissent les populations animales sauvages et acc\u00e9l\u00e8rent la perte de biodiversit\u00e9. Les efforts de conservation doivent donc concilier les besoins des communaut\u00e9s avec la protection de la faune, tout en veillant \u00e0 ce que les populations locales soient au c\u0153ur du processus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans la r\u00e9gion de Mintom, au sud du Cameroun,\u202f le Programme de Gestion Durable de la Faune Sauvage (SWM) \u2014 projet Cameroun <\/a>\u202f met ce principe en pratique \u00e0 travers la Gestion Communautaire de la Chasse. Le mod\u00e8le conf\u00e8re aux communaut\u00e9s locales \u00e0 la fois l\u2019autorit\u00e9 et la responsabilit\u00e9 de g\u00e9rer la faune sauvage, en s\u2019appuyant sur leur relation profonde et ancienne avec la for\u00eat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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A Lire Egalement<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Relever les d\u00e9fis li\u00e9s \u00e0 la viande de brousse pour prot\u00e9ger la biodiversit\u00e9 du Cameroun<\/a><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

En aidant les communaut\u00e9s \u00e0 d\u00e9finir les r\u00e8gles de chasse, \u00e0 surveiller les esp\u00e8ces et \u00e0 partager les b\u00e9n\u00e9fices, la gestion communautaire de la chasse soutient la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire tout en am\u00e9liorant les r\u00e9sultats en mati\u00e8re de conservation. Elle fait passer les populations de la simple consultation \u00e0 une v\u00e9ritable intendance active. Les communaut\u00e9s participent \u00e0 l’\u00e9laboration et \u00e0 l’application des r\u00e8glements de chasse, au suivi des populations fauniques et \u00e0 la gestion des b\u00e9n\u00e9fices issus d’une utilisation durable. Dans cette perspective, elles deviennent de v\u00e9ritables gardiennes de la for\u00eat, veillant \u00e0 ce que les pratiques de chasse contribuent durablement au bien-\u00eatre des communaut\u00e9s et \u00e0 la conservation de la faune.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Membres du personnel et partenaires du Programme de gestion durable de la faune dans le sud du Cameroun. Cr\u00e9dit Photo : CIFOR-ICRAF<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Cartographier les savoirs, renforcer la gestion responsable<\/strong>\u00a0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Au c\u0153ur de cette approche se trouve la\u202f cartographie participative<\/a>, un processus collaboratif par lequel les communaut\u00e9s s’appuient sur les savoirs traditionnels et l’exp\u00e9rience v\u00e9cue pour cr\u00e9er des cartes d\u00e9taill\u00e9es de leurs territoires. Ces cartes identifient les zones de chasse, les zones de ressources et les rep\u00e8res culturels, garantissant que les d\u00e9cisions de gestion refl\u00e8tent les r\u00e9alit\u00e9s et les priorit\u00e9s locales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La cartographie participative ne se contente pas de produire des donn\u00e9es spatiales pr\u00e9cises et localement pertinentes \u2014 elle renforce \u00e9galement l’appropriation et la gestion responsable par les communaut\u00e9s. Lorsque les populations voient leurs savoirs repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s et respect\u00e9s, elles s’engagent davantage \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger leur environnement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Quand les communaut\u00e9s ont un int\u00e9r\u00eat dans la conservation de la faune sauvage, elles sont davantage susceptibles de prendre des mesures pour pr\u00e9venir le braconnage \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Guillermo Ros Brull, coordonnateur du site SWM-Cameroun. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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A Lire Egalement<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Cartographier le commerce de la viande de brousse au Cameroun : un outil partag\u00e9 pour une gestion plus intelligente et plus \u00e9quitable<\/a><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Renforcer la confiance entre les communaut\u00e9s<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dans le sud du Cameroun, la cartographie participative a d\u00e9j\u00e0 produit des r\u00e9sultats tangibles. Dix villages Bantou et deux villages Baka, r\u00e9unissant 345 participants \u2014 209 hommes et 136 femmes \u2014 ont conjointement \u00e9labor\u00e9 des cartes d\u00e9limitant les zones de chasse pour 20 communaut\u00e9s. Au-del\u00e0 des donn\u00e9es elles-m\u00eames, le processus a cr\u00e9\u00e9 une plateforme de dialogue et de n\u00e9gociation entre les groupes Bantou et Baka, contribuant \u00e0 b\u00e2tir une compr\u00e9hension mutuelle, une prise de d\u00e9cision partag\u00e9e et une responsabilit\u00e9 commune dans la gestion des zones de chasse communautaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce dialogue a non seulement renforc\u00e9 l’appropriation locale et favoris\u00e9 la coh\u00e9sion sociale, mais a \u00e9galement am\u00e9lior\u00e9 la collaboration entre les communaut\u00e9s et les agences gouvernementales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab L’exercice de la cartographie participative nous a aid\u00e9s \u00e0 instaurer la confiance entre les communaut\u00e9s et les agences gouvernementales en facilitant la collaboration et le partage d’informations \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Ros Brull. \u00ab En travaillant ensemble, les communaut\u00e9s et les autorit\u00e9s peuvent \u00e9laborer des strat\u00e9gies efficaces pour lutter contre le braconnage, am\u00e9liorer l’application de la loi et concevoir des programmes de moyens de subsistance alternatifs. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Une communaut\u00e9 du sud du Cameroun, o\u00f9 la cartographie participative appuie une gestion de la faune dirig\u00e9e par les acteurs locaux. Cr\u00e9dit Photo: CIFOR-ICRAF<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Toutes les activit\u00e9s de cartographie ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9es dans le cadre des protocoles de Consentement Libre, Pr\u00e9alable et \u00c9clair\u00e9 (CLPE)<\/a> , garantissant que les communaut\u00e9s approuvent chaque \u00e9tape du processus. La s\u00e9curisation des zones de chasse pour les groupes Baka et Bantou implique \u00e9galement l’\u00e9valuation des niveaux d’extraction de la faune. En comparant la richesse des esp\u00e8ces et les donn\u00e9es de chasse des zones g\u00e9r\u00e9es par les communaut\u00e9s avec des zones moins exploit\u00e9es de la R\u00e9serve du Dja, les chercheurs cherchent \u00e0 comprendre les impacts pass\u00e9s et actuels sur les populations fauniques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Nous cherchons \u00e0 comprendre les impacts pass\u00e9s et pr\u00e9sents sur la faune \u00bb, a expliqu\u00e9 Ros Brull. \u00ab Ces donn\u00e9es probantes sont essentielles pour concevoir des plans de gestion r\u00e9alistes et \u00e9quitables. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De la participation \u00e0 la transformation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Les approches participatives, dans lesquelles les communaut\u00e9s et les autres parties prenantes fa\u00e7onnent, mettent en \u0153uvre et \u00e9valuent conjointement les initiatives, sont essentielles pour un succ\u00e8s \u00e0 long terme. Respecter toutes les voix et perspectives contribue \u00e0 favoriser l’inclusion et un sentiment d’appropriation, tout en renfor\u00e7ant la confiance, l’\u00e9quit\u00e9 et la responsabilit\u00e9 collective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans le sud du Cameroun, la cartographie participative d\u00e9montre que lorsque les communaut\u00e9s prennent les devants, les gains en mati\u00e8re de conservation sont plus durables. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un meilleur acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l’information, \u00e0 un dialogue renforc\u00e9 et \u00e0 une reconnaissance accrue, les populations locales ne sont pas de simples participants \u00e0 la conservation \u2014 elles contribuent \u00e0 fa\u00e7onner un avenir plus durable pour les for\u00eats et la faune sauvage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Remerciements<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Le <\/em>Programme SWM<\/a> est une initiative internationale majeure qui vise \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la conservation de la faune sauvage et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire dans les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes forestiers, de savane et de zones humides. Il est financ\u00e9 par l’Union europ\u00e9enne, avec le cofinancement du Fonds Fran\u00e7ais pour l’Environnement Mondial et de l’Agence Fran\u00e7aise de D\u00e9veloppement. Les projets sont mis en \u0153uvre et test\u00e9s avec les gouvernements et les communaut\u00e9s de quinze pays participants.<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Le Programme SWM est mis en \u0153uvre par un consortium dynamique de quatre partenaires sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s dans la conservation de la faune sauvage et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire. Il est dirig\u00e9 par l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture (FAO) et mis en \u0153uvre avec le Centre de Recherche Foresti\u00e8re Internationale et le Centre International de Recherche en Agroforesterie (CIFOR-ICRAF), le Centre de Coop\u00e9ration Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le D\u00e9veloppement (CIRAD) et la Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS).<\/em><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c0 travers les r\u00e9gions tropicales, des millions de familles rurales continuent de d\u00e9pendre de la faune sauvage pour leur alimentation, leurs revenus et leur identit\u00e9 culturelle. Pourtant, des pratiques de chasse non durables \u2014 combin\u00e9es \u00e0 la perte d’habitat et \u00e0 la d\u00e9gradation des for\u00eats \u2014 appauvrissent les populations animales sauvages et acc\u00e9l\u00e8rent la perte […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":318,"featured_media":157190,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[12063,12051],"tags":[12806,12807,12808,12809,12810,12811,12812,12813,12814],"language":[],"location":[12246,12226],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[2431],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[9392],"class_list":["post-157634","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aliments-et-regimes","category-gestion-et-restauration-forestiere","tag-baka","tag-bantu","tag-biodiversity-conservation","tag-cameroon","tag-community-based-hunting-management","tag-hunting-zones","tag-participatory-mapping","tag-sustainable-wildlife-management","tag-wildlife","location-africa","location-cameroon","type-english-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nParticipatory 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