{"id":15005,"date":"2013-05-22T09:00:21","date_gmt":"2013-05-22T02:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=15005"},"modified":"2015-07-07T11:32:51","modified_gmt":"2015-07-07T04:32:51","slug":"lelement-manquant-leau-est-loubliee-des-actions-pour-le-climat-dans-le-bassin-du-congo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/15005\/lelement-manquant-leau-est-loubliee-des-actions-pour-le-climat-dans-le-bassin-du-congo","title":{"rendered":"L’\u00e9l\u00e9ment manquant : l’eau est l’oubli\u00e9e des actions pour le climat dans le bassin du Congo"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Researchers<\/a>
Les chercheurs demandent \u00e0 ce qu’on fasse davantage attention \u00e0 l’importance de l’eau dans les syst\u00e8mes forestiers en Afrique Centrale . Ollivier Girard<\/a>\/CIFOR.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Alors que le changement climatique a des r\u00e9percussions sur le Bassin du Congo, les efforts s’intensifient pour prot\u00e9ger les for\u00eats de la r\u00e9gion. Mais de nouvelles recherches montrent qu’une ressource cruciale est n\u00e9glig\u00e9e : l’eau.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab Les for\u00eats de la r\u00e9gion attirent de plus en plus l’attention \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle mondiale, on ne peut pas en dire autant de ses ressources en eau \u00bb, a dit Denis Sonwa, chercheur au CIFOR et principal auteur de l’article intitul\u00e9 G\u00e9rer les ressources en eau de l’Afrique: int\u00e9grant l’utilisation durable des terres, des for\u00eats et des p\u00eaches<\/a>, r\u00e9cemment publi\u00e9 dans la revue Nature et Faune<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab \u00c0 l’heure actuelle, tr\u00e8s peu est fait pour comprendre les liens \u00e9cologiques entre les for\u00eats et l’eau. \u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab Nous avons besoin d’une gestion int\u00e9gr\u00e9e des secteurs de la foresterie et de l’eau. \u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Le bassin du fleuve Congo repr\u00e9sente pr\u00e8s d’un tiers de l’ensemble des ressources en eau de l’Afrique. Il aide \u00e0 alimenter les for\u00eats, \u00e0 fournir des moyens de subsistance et \u00e0 produire de l’\u00e9nergie.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L’Afrique centrale est la r\u00e9gion la plus humide du continent – l’\u00e9vaporation des cours d’eau et la transpiration des arbres constituent jusqu’\u00e0 70% des pr\u00e9cipitations.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Mais elle commence peu \u00e0 peu \u00e0 se dess\u00e9cher.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Les pr\u00e9cipitations ont nettement diminu\u00e9 depuis les ann\u00e9es 1970, tandis que la r\u00e9duction du bassin versant sur un long terme a \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9e depuis le d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1990. Dans les ann\u00e9es ann\u00e9es \u00e0 venir, on pr\u00e9voit des pics plus extr\u00eames pendant les saisons humides et s\u00e8ches. Les p\u00e9riodes de s\u00e9cheresse \u00e9puiseront davantage le bassin versant et de fortes pr\u00e9cipitations pr\u00e9senteront des risques d’inondation.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Les organismes r\u00e9gionaux pour l’hydrologie telle que la Commission internationale du Bassin du Congo-Oubangui-Sangha<\/a> ont pourtant du mal \u00e0 attirer l’attention, dit Mme Sonwa, et m\u00eame les gouvernements locaux n’ont pas encore r\u00e9agit \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction des ressources en eau.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab Ils ont besoin de commencer \u00e0 voir cela comme un enjeu important \u00bb, a t-il dit.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab Cela doit \u00eatre plac\u00e9 tout en haut dans leurs priorit\u00e9s. \u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Ce sujet sera l’un des th\u00e8mes discut\u00e9s lors de la conf\u00e9rence de deux joursLa gestion durable des for\u00eats d’Afrique centrale: hier, aujourd’hui et demain<\/a><\/em> \u00e0 Yaound\u00e9 au Cameroun les 22 et 23 mai 2013. .<\/strong><\/p>\n

Retrouvez les reportages du CIFOR sur les for\u00eats d’Afrique Centrale sur forestsnews.cifor.org\/fr\/yaounde<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

La plupart des 77 millions de personnes vivant le long du bassin du Congo n’ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 pas acc\u00e8s \u00e0 de l’eau potable, a expliqu\u00e9 Mr Sonwa, en ajoutant que sans une approche int\u00e9gr\u00e9e \u00e0 la gestion de l’eau, il sera difficile de changer les choses.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La liste des avantages potentiels est \u00e9norme.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Des m\u00e9thodes d’irrigation am\u00e9lior\u00e9es pourraient relancer l’agriculture dans la r\u00e9gion, tout en assurant la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire, a t-il dit, alors que les cours d’eau naturels pourraient fournir des voies de transport dans une r\u00e9gion sous-d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e en infrastructure routi\u00e8re.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L’argent g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 par l’hydro\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 – qui pourrait remplacer le bois en tant que principale source d’\u00e9nergie dans la r\u00e9gion, tout en r\u00e9duisant les pressions sur les for\u00eats – pourrait \u00e9galement aider \u00e0 soutenir les efforts de conservation.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab Le paiement pour des services environnementaux<\/a> dans les domaines de l’eau et de l’\u00e9nergie pourrait potentiellement refinancer la gestion du bassin versant, la collecte des donn\u00e9es et leur analyse \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Mr Sonwa.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9server le carbone d\u00e9pend de l’eau<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Les projets li\u00e9s \u00e0 la pr\u00e9vention de la perte des for\u00eats et de la d\u00e9gradation des terres le long du Bassin du Congo – qui traverse le Cameroun, le Congo, la R\u00e9publique centrafricaine, la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, le Gabon et la Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale – ont re\u00e7u un important soutien international et r\u00e9gional, en partie \u00e0 cause de leur r\u00f4le potentiel dans la lutte contre le changement climatique.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dans un cadre soutenu par l’ONU \u2013 la R\u00e9duction des \u00c9missions issues de la D\u00e9forestation et de la D\u00e9gradation des for\u00eats<\/a>* (ou REDD +), les pays en voie de d\u00e9veloppement de la r\u00e9gion re\u00e7oivent des incitations pour assurer que les arbres, qui rejettent du dioxyde de carbone dans l’atmosph\u00e8re lorsqu’ils sont coup\u00e9s ou br\u00fbl\u00e9s, restent debout.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab Encore une fois, ce n’est qu’une partie de l’\u00e9quation \u00bb, a dit Mr Sonwa.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab Il est irr\u00e9aliste de penser que nous pouvons pr\u00e9server des stocks de carbone sans tenir compte de l’eau de laquelle d\u00e9pendent les formations foresti\u00e8res et les populations. \u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Alors que la compr\u00e9hension des liens entre l’eau et les for\u00eats s’am\u00e9liore, Mr Sonwa pr\u00e9conise que la gestion de l’eau doit imp\u00e9rativement jouer un r\u00f4le plus important, tant au niveau r\u00e9gional qu’international.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations sur les questions discut\u00e9es dans cet article, veuillez contacter Denis Sonwa sur<\/i><\/b> d.sonwa@cgiar.org<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

Ce travail fait partie du projet For\u00eats du Bassin du Congo et Adaptation au Changement Climatique qui s\u00b4inscrit dans le cadre du Programme de Recherche du CGIAR sur les For\u00eats, les Arbres et l\u2019Agroforesterie<\/a>. Il est soutenu par le Centre de recherches pour le d\u00e9veloppement international et le D\u00e9partement britannique pour le d\u00e9veloppement international.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

* liens non traduits en fran\u00e7ais<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alors que le changement climatique a des r\u00e9percussions sur le Bassin du Congo, les efforts s’intensifient pour prot\u00e9ger les for\u00eats de la r\u00e9gion. Mais de nouvelles recherches montrent qu’une ressource cruciale est n\u00e9glig\u00e9e : l’eau. \u00ab Les for\u00eats de la r\u00e9gion attirent de plus en plus l’attention \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle mondiale, on ne peut pas en […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":96,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[462,95,180],"tags":[],"language":[2170],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[1042],"class_list":["post-15005","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-climate-change-energy","category-human-wellbeing","category-mitigating-climate-change","language-francais"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nL'\u00e9l\u00e9ment manquant : l'eau est l'oubli\u00e9e des actions pour le climat dans le bassin du Congo - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/15005\/lelement-manquant-leau-est-loubliee-des-actions-pour-le-climat-dans-le-bassin-du-congo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L'\u00e9l\u00e9ment manquant : l'eau est l'oubli\u00e9e des actions pour le climat dans le bassin du Congo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Alors que le changement climatique a des r\u00e9percussions sur le Bassin du Congo, les efforts s’intensifient pour prot\u00e9ger les for\u00eats de la r\u00e9gion. 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