{"id":1082,"date":"2008-01-31T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-01-31T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/?p=1082"},"modified":"2015-08-24T15:40:10","modified_gmt":"2015-08-24T08:40:10","slug":"le-partenariat-est-il-ringard","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/1082\/le-partenariat-est-il-ringard","title":{"rendered":"Le \u00ab partenariat \u00bb est-il ringard ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Une s\u00e9rie d\u2019\u00e9changes r\u00e9cents dans le journal <i>Oryx<\/i> relance le vieux d\u00e9bat sur les possibilit\u00e9s de concilier les int\u00e9r\u00eats locaux et globaux en mati\u00e8re de conservation.<\/p>\n<p>Dans leur essai introductif, Sonja Vermeulen et Douglas Sheil en appellent aux organismes de conservation pour d\u00e9velopper un \u00ab engagement de partenariat r\u00e9el \u00bb avec les communaut\u00e9s locales sur la base de justifications pratiques et \u00e9thiques. Ils regrettent que, malgr\u00e9 la rh\u00e9torique omnipr\u00e9sente sur la \u00ab participation \u00bb, la plupart des organisations de conservation utilisent toujours des approches dirigistes et pilot\u00e9es de l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur qui voient dans les populations locales une partie du probl\u00e8me et non de la solution.<\/p>\n<p>Vermeulen et Sheil pensent que la nature est une vraie valeur pour les communaut\u00e9s ce qui offre une bonne base de construction de partenariats avec les intervenants ext\u00e9rieurs. Des actions conjointes qui favorisent les pr\u00e9f\u00e9rences locales de conservation entraineraient moins de conflits et des interventions plus durables. Cette approche du partenariat est aussi plus \u00e9thique : les d\u00e9cisions sur la conservation devraient \u00eatre faites d\u00e9mocratiquement et les co\u00fbts\/b\u00e9n\u00e9fices partag\u00e9s \u00e9quitablement.<\/p>\n<p>Partant d\u2019une perspective africaine, Clapperton Mavhunga r\u00e9pond qu\u2019une telle foi dans le partenariat est d\u00e9plac\u00e9e et m\u00eame dangereuse. Sugg\u00e9rant que Vermeulen et Sheil font eux-m\u00eames partie du probl\u00e8me qu\u2019ils d\u00e9crivent, il affirme que la notion de \u00ab partenariat \u00bb n\u2019est que la r\u00e9flexion de diff\u00e9rences de pouvoir h\u00e9rit\u00e9es du colonialisme. Les villageois qui ne vivent dans nos soci\u00e9t\u00e9s occidentales ne donnent pas la m\u00eame valeur \u00e0 la nature que les tenants de la conservation. Concluant que la notion de partenariat appartient au pass\u00e9, il en appelle \u00e0 une nouvelle d\u00e9mocratie du savoir qui ouvrirait des espaces pour les cultures, histoires et aspirations locales dans le pilotage des initiatives de conservation.<\/p>\n<p>Dans une autre r\u00e9ponse, John Robinson reproche \u00e0 Vermeulen et Sheil l\u2019importance accord\u00e9e aux int\u00e9r\u00eats communs des communaut\u00e9s locales et des conservationnistes. Il consid\u00e8re que le discours r\u00e9cent sur la congruence entre conservation, r\u00e9duction de la pauvret\u00e9 et justice sociale est \u00ab attirant mais de courte vue \u00bb. Il argue, citant plusieurs exemples, que les partenariats doivent \u00eatre bas\u00e9s sur une reconnaissance objective des int\u00e9r\u00eats et r\u00f4les divergents des diff\u00e9rentes parties.<\/p>\n<p>Vermeulen et Sheil consid\u00e8rent en fait que ces deux critiques renforcent leur vue que l\u2019id\u00e9e de partenariats pour la conservation vaut d\u2019\u00eatre poursuivie. Bien qu\u2019ils acceptent que les int\u00e9r\u00eats des communaut\u00e9s puissent diff\u00e9rer de ceux des intervenants ext\u00e9rieurs, ils pensent aussi que les conservationnistes surestiment ou m\u00e9sestiment ces diff\u00e9rences. Ils en appellent donc \u00e0 un changement dans les attitudes car le pessimisme m\u00e8ne \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chec. Des partenariats fond\u00e9s sur une vision partag\u00e9e et un respect mutuel ont bien plus de chances de r\u00e9soudre les probl\u00e8mes que ceux qui ne le sont pas.<\/p>\n<p>Etes-vous d\u2019accord ?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les articles auxquels il est fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence dans ce Polex sont list\u00e9s ci-dessous. Pour des raisons pratiques, ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 combin\u00e9s dans un fichier PDF et sont disponibles \u00e0 la demande aupr\u00e8s de Mme Indah Susilanasari (<a href=\"i.susilanasari@cgiar.org\" class=linkbox>i.susilanasari@cgiar.org<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>Vermeulen, S. &#038; Sheil, D. 2007. <b>Partnerships for tropical conservation<\/b>. Oryx. 41, 434-440.<\/p>\n<p>Mavhunga, C. 2007. <b>Even the rider and a horse are a partnership:  a response to Vermeulen &#038; Sheil<\/b>.  Oryx, 41, 441-442.<\/p>\n<p>Robinson, J. 2007. <b>Recognizng differences and establishing clear-eyed partnerships: a response to Vermeulen &#038; Sheil<\/b>. Oryx, 41, 443-444.<\/p>\n<p>Vermeulen, S. &#038; Sheil, D. 2007. <b>The possibility of common ground: a reply to Mavhunga and Robinson<\/b>. Oryx. 41, 445-446.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6090],"tags":[],"language":[2170],"location":[],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[2999],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-1082","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-forests-news","language-francais","type-francais-analyses"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Le \u00ab partenariat \u00bb est-il ringard ? - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/1082\/le-partenariat-est-il-ringard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le \u00ab partenariat \u00bb est-il ringard ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les articles auxquels il est fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence dans ce Polex sont list\u00e9s ci-dessous. Pour des raisons pratiques, ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 combin\u00e9s dans un fichier PDF et sont disponibles \u00e0 la demande aupr\u00e8s de Mme Indah Susilanasari (i.susilanasari@cgiar.org) Vermeulen, S. &amp; Sheil, D. 2007. Partnerships for tropical conservation. Oryx. 41, 434-440. Mavhunga, C. 2007. Even the rider and a horse are a partnership: a response to Vermeulen &amp; Sheil. Oryx, 41, 441-442. Robinson, J. 2007. Recognizng differences and establishing clear-eyed partnerships: a response to Vermeulen &amp; Sheil. Oryx, 41, 443-444. Vermeulen, S. &amp; Sheil, D. 2007. The possibility of common ground: a reply to Mavhunga and Robinson. 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- Landscape Alliance Forests News","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/fr\/1082\/le-partenariat-est-il-ringard","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Le \u00ab partenariat \u00bb est-il ringard ?","og_description":"Les articles auxquels il est fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence dans ce Polex sont list\u00e9s ci-dessous. Pour des raisons pratiques, ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 combin\u00e9s dans un fichier PDF et sont disponibles \u00e0 la demande aupr\u00e8s de Mme Indah Susilanasari (i.susilanasari@cgiar.org) Vermeulen, S. & Sheil, D. 2007. Partnerships for tropical conservation. Oryx. 41, 434-440. Mavhunga, C. 2007. Even the rider and a horse are a partnership: a response to Vermeulen & Sheil. Oryx, 41, 441-442. Robinson, J. 2007. Recognizng differences and establishing clear-eyed partnerships: a response to Vermeulen & Sheil. Oryx, 41, 443-444. Vermeulen, S. & Sheil, D. 2007. The possibility of common ground: a reply to Mavhunga and Robinson. 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