{"id":23939,"date":"2014-09-02T18:43:04","date_gmt":"2014-09-02T11:43:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=23939"},"modified":"2017-09-27T01:08:22","modified_gmt":"2017-09-26T18:08:22","slug":"investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/es\/23939\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales","title":{"rendered":"Investigaci\u00f3n mide importancia de ingresos forestales"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_23825\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23825\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/08\/NTFP-Cameroon.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-23825\" src=\"\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/08\/NTFP-Cameroon-500x375.jpg\" alt=\"Asando alimentos en Camer\u00fan. Nueva investigaci\u00f3n resalta los diferentes papeles que los productos forestales no maderables desempe\u00f1an, o podr\u00edan desempe\u00f1ar, en paisajes m\u00e1s amplios. Foto Terry Sunderland\/CIFOR. \" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-23825\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Asando alimentos en Camer\u00fan. Nueva investigaci\u00f3n resalta los diferentes papeles que los productos forestales no maderables desempe\u00f1an, o podr\u00edan desempe\u00f1ar, en paisajes m\u00e1s amplios. Foto Terry Sunderland\/CIFOR.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Carne. Madera para combustible. Especias. Los bosques proporcionan todo esto y m\u00e1s, y sin embargo, el papel de estos productos en los medios de vida rurales apenas se pone en evidencia.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/library\/4758\/non-timber-forest-product-income-from-forest-landscapes-of-cameroon-ghana-and-nigeria-incidental-or-integral-contribution-to-sustaining-rural-livelihoods\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Un estudio comparativo<\/a> sobre el papel de los productos forestales no maderables (PFNM) como soporte de vida en poblaciones de tres pa\u00edses de \u00c1frica Occidental ha reafirmado los beneficios de ver a los bosques en un contexto m\u00e1s amplio.<\/p>\n<p>El estudio examin\u00f3 la importancia de los ingresos forestales en unos 1,000 hogares rurales de Camer\u00fan, Nigeria y Ghana que tienen acceso a mercados y bosques. Asimismo, busc\u00f3 descubrir los patrones regionales en un contexto ecol\u00f3gico, social y pol\u00edtico m\u00e1s amplio. De este modo, los investigadores evidenciaron los diferentes papeles que los PFNM desempe\u00f1an, o podr\u00edan desempe\u00f1ar, en un contexto de paisajes.<\/p>\n<p>Los bosques, al igual que las plantaciones, proporcionan una gran cantidad de servicios ecosist\u00e9micos, como alimentos silvestres y especias, materiales para artesan\u00edas, madera para combustible y medicinas, as\u00ed como sombra, resguardo y retenci\u00f3n del suelo.<\/p>\n<p>Un estudio global de la <a href=\"http:\/\/www1.cifor.org\/pen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Red de Pobreza y Medio Ambiente (PEN)<\/a> inform\u00f3 recientemente que los ingresos forestales y otros ingresos relacionados con el medio ambiente generan hasta 20% de los ingresos familiares.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLos PFNM contribuyen de forma importante a los medios de vida rurales, pero siguen siendo principalmente de uso de los pobres en zonas remotas\u201d, dijo Terry Sunderland, cient\u00edfico principal del Centro para la Investigaci\u00f3n Forestal Internacional (CIFOR) y coautor del <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/library\/4758\/non-timber-forest-product-income-from-forest-landscapes-of-cameroon-ghana-and-nigeria-incidental-or-integral-contribution-to-sustaining-rural-livelihoods\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">trabajo<\/a>, que aparece en un n\u00famero reciente de la revista cient\u00edfica <em>International Forestry Review<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Las actividades con PFNM son ideales para los hogares pobres porque generalmente son de bajo riesgo, requieren poca inversi\u00f3n de capital o habilidades particulares. Por ello, en el caso de los recolectores pobres de PFNM, que a menudo no pueden acceder cr\u00e9ditos, los bosques pueden ayudar a diversificar los medios de vida y aumentar la resiliencia de los hogares.<\/p>\n<p>La autora principal del estudio, Ruth Malleson, investigadora honoraria del departamento de antropolog\u00eda de la University College de Londres y consultora de Triple Line Consulting, hab\u00eda observado anteriormente que los PFNM proporcionan a las mujeres de asentamientos remotos de Nigeria y Camer\u00fan un medio para acumular dinero que pueden utilizar en caso de contingencias. Del mismo modo, <a href=\"http:\/\/digitalcommons.unl.edu\/icwdmeea\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">los ni\u00f1os y las mujeres mayores<\/a> cosechan PFNM, como el mango silvestre durante las vacaciones escolares en la temporada de lluvias y con ello ganan dinero para pagar las cuotas escolares.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLos PFNM son m\u00e1s \u00fatiles durante la temporada de lluvias o periodos de escasez agr\u00edcola antes y despu\u00e9s de la cosecha\u201d, dijo Sunderland. \u201c<a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/library\/4494\/safety-nets-gap-filling-and-forests-a-global-comparative-perspective\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Los bosques constituyen una red de seguridad<\/a> en tanto permiten mantener la nutrici\u00f3n y la dieta, as\u00ed como hacer frente a disturbios econ\u00f3micos, ambientales y clim\u00e1ticos\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>En los tres pa\u00edses, los investigadores encontraron que los hogares encabezados por migrantes eran generalmente los m\u00e1s pobres. En \u00e1reas fronterizas de Ghana, as\u00ed como en zonas fronterizas m\u00e1s accesibles y junto a carreteras en Camer\u00fan y Nigeria, los hogares m\u00e1s acomodados siembran cultivos comerciales perennes como cacao, palma aceitera, pl\u00e1tano y banano. Los agricultores m\u00e1s pobres, con frecuencia migrantes, generan la mayor parte de sus ingresos con cultivos anuales y de r\u00e1pida rotaci\u00f3n como la yuca.<\/p>\n<p>A los migrantes en Camer\u00fan y Nigeria no se les permite en general sembrar cultivos comerciales perennes en sus tierras arrendadas. En Ghana, usualmente tienden a tener acuerdos de arrendamiento relativamente estables.<\/p>\n<p>Los investigadores observaron que los hogares relativamente pobres y migrantes en asentamientos remotos en Ghana depend\u00edan de los ingresos por PFNM mientras esperaban que las plantaciones de cacao se tornaran productivas.<\/p>\n<p>Los hogares m\u00e1s pobres, en particular los encabezados por mujeres, necesitan optimizar su tiempo, pues cuentan con menos ayuda. La yuca es especialmente atractiva porque requiere relativamente poca mano de obra, se puede sembrar durante toda la temporada de lluvias y se puede cosechar durante un <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ifpri.org\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/focus12_03.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">periodo de dos a\u00f1os<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Sin embargo, los cultivos anuales tambi\u00e9n son m\u00e1s da\u00f1inos para el medio ambiente. \u201cComo solo pueden alquilar la tierra, los agricultores migrantes tienden a sembrar yuca o cultivos anuales que generan un r\u00e9dito r\u00e1pido, pero esto contribuye a la deforestaci\u00f3n pues muchos de estos cultivos exigen luz y necesitan que se eliminen los \u00e1rboles para crecer\u201d, explic\u00f3 Sunderland.<\/p>\n<p>Los investigadores opinan que los ingresos por PFNM podr\u00edan desempe\u00f1ar un papel a\u00fan m\u00e1s importante para los hogares rurales remotos en \u00c1frica Occidental y Central en los pr\u00f3ximos a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLa funci\u00f3n de red de seguridad cobrar\u00e1 m\u00e1s importancias en el futuro\u201d, dijo Sunderland. \u201cNo solo debido al cambio clim\u00e1tico, sino tambi\u00e9n por los disturbios econ\u00f3micos. La gente que pone todo su dinero en cultivos comerciales como el cacao son extremadamente vulnerables a cambios del mercado fuera de su control\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Citando un <a href=\"\/\/www.cifor.org\/library\/4360\/dietary-quality-and-tree-cover-in-africa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">estudio reciente del CIFOR sobre la calidad de la dieta y la cobertura arb\u00f3rea en \u00c1frica<\/a>, Sunderland tambi\u00e9n sugiri\u00f3 que los alimentos forestales contribuyen significativamente a la diversidad de la dieta y la nutrici\u00f3n en los hogares pobres.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEs interesante que las familias medianamente pobres tengan dietas comparativamente buenas gracias a la diversidad de productos disponibles cerca de los bosques y los \u00e1rboles en el paisaje m\u00e1s amplio\u201d, dijo. Las familias m\u00e1s acomodadas fuera del bosque pueden tener dietas m\u00e1s limitadas, pero tienen los medios para comprar otros productos.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLos PFNM deben verse en un contexto m\u00e1s amplio\u201d, dijo Sunderland. Los enfoques integrados de paisaje a nivel regional, dijo, van mucho m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de la gesti\u00f3n de conflictos por recursos y la promoci\u00f3n de la sostenibilidad ecol\u00f3gica.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n sobre los temas de este art\u00edculo, s\u00edrvase contactar a <\/strong><strong>Terry Sunderland, <\/strong><a href=\"mailto:t.sunderland@cgiar.org\"><strong>t.sunderland@cgiar.org<\/strong><\/a><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El trabajo de campo para este estudio fue financiado por el antiguo Programa de Investigaci\u00f3n Forestal del Departamento para el Desarrollo Internacional del Reino Unido (DFID). Esta investigaci\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n forma parte del <a href=\"http:\/\/www.foreststreesagroforestry.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Programa de Investigaci\u00f3n de CGIAR sobre Bosques, \u00c1rboles y Agroforester\u00eda<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Carne. Madera para combustible. Especias. Los bosques proporcionan todo esto y m\u00e1s, y sin embargo, el papel de estos productos en los medios de vida rurales apenas se pone en evidencia. Un estudio comparativo sobre el papel de los productos forestales no maderables (PFNM) como soporte de vida en poblaciones de tres pa\u00edses de \u00c1frica [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":107,"featured_media":23825,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[95],"tags":[1376,348,80,412,1595,454,407],"language":[2169],"location":[12247],"tag-bahasa":[],"tag-espanol":[3774,3319,3357,3448],"tag-francais":[],"type-espanol":[3108],"type-bahasa":[],"type-english":[],"type-francais":[],"coauthors":[1141],"class_list":["post-23939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-human-wellbeing","tag-apoyo-a-los-medios-de-vida","tag-camerun","tag-ghana","tag-ingresos","tag-nigeria","tag-pfnm","tag-productos-forestales-no-maderables","language-espanol","location-africa","tag-espanol-ingresos-forestales","tag-espanol-medios-de-vida","tag-espanol-productos-forestales-no-maderables","tag-espanol-red-de-pobreza-y-medio-ambiente","type-espanol-investigacion"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Investigaci\u00f3n mide importancia de ingresos forestales - Landscape Alliance Forests News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/es\/23939\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Investigaci\u00f3n mide importancia de ingresos forestales\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Carne. Madera para combustible. Especias. Los bosques proporcionan todo esto y m\u00e1s, y sin embargo, el papel de estos productos en los medios de vida rurales apenas se pone en evidencia. Un estudio comparativo sobre el papel de los productos forestales no maderables (PFNM) como soporte de vida en poblaciones de tres pa\u00edses de \u00c1frica [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/es\/23939\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Landscape Alliance Forests News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CIFORICRAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-09-02T11:43:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-09-26T18:08:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/08\/NTFP-Cameroon.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"640\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"480\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mark Foss\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CIFOR_ICRAF\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es\\\/23939\\\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es\\\/23939\\\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mark Foss\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4d82a8658eb9f83e3855271ca0de667d\"},\"headline\":\"Investigaci\u00f3n mide importancia de ingresos forestales\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-09-02T11:43:04+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-09-26T18:08:22+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es\\\/23939\\\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales\"},\"wordCount\":1091,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es\\\/23939\\\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/NTFP-Cameroon.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"apoyo a los medios de vida\",\"Camer\u00fan\",\"Ghana\",\"ingresos\",\"Nigeria\",\"PFNM\",\"productos forestales no maderables\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Human well-being\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es\\\/23939\\\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2014\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es\\\/23939\\\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es\\\/23939\\\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales\",\"name\":\"Investigaci\u00f3n mide importancia de ingresos forestales - Landscape Alliance Forests News\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es\\\/23939\\\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es\\\/23939\\\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/NTFP-Cameroon.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-09-02T11:43:04+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-09-26T18:08:22+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es\\\/23939\\\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es\\\/23939\\\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/es\\\/23939\\\/investigacion-mide-importancia-de-ingresos-forestales#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/NTFP-Cameroon.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.forestsnews.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/NTFP-Cameroon.jpg\",\"width\":640,\"height\":480,\"caption\":\"Asando alimentos en Camer\u00fan. Nueva investigaci\u00f3n resalta los diferentes papeles que los productos forestales no maderables desempe\u00f1an, o podr\u00edan desempe\u00f1ar, en paisajes m\u00e1s amplios. 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Madera para combustible. Especias. Los bosques proporcionan todo esto y m\u00e1s, y sin embargo, el papel de estos productos en los medios de vida rurales apenas se pone en evidencia. 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