{"id":155758,"date":"2026-01-29T06:51:31","date_gmt":"2026-01-28T23:51:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/?p=155758"},"modified":"2026-01-29T06:51:34","modified_gmt":"2026-01-28T23:51:34","slug":"mas-alla-del-bosque-por-que-los-pastizales-importan-mas-de-lo-que-creemos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forestsnews.org\/es\/155758\/mas-alla-del-bosque-por-que-los-pastizales-importan-mas-de-lo-que-creemos","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e1s all\u00e1 del bosque: por qu\u00e9 los pastizales importan m\u00e1s de lo que creemos"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Nota del editor:<\/em><\/strong> Este art\u00edculo resumen se basa en un texto publicado originalmente en ThinkLandscape<\/mark><\/a> <\/strong> bajo la autor\u00eda de Lily Hess. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cuando se destruye un bosque antiguo, la reacci\u00f3n suele ser inmediata. Pero cuando un pastizal desaparece, a menudo pasa desapercibido. Durante d\u00e9cadas, estos ecosistemas han sido catalogados como \u201ctierras bald\u00edas\u201d: espacios aparentemente improductivos, en espera de ser transformados en campos agr\u00edcolas, ciudades o infraestructuras. Sin embargo, esa percepci\u00f3n dista mucho de la realidad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los pastizales cubren m\u00e1s del 50 % de la superficie terrestre del planeta y est\u00e1n presentes en todos los continentes, excepto la Ant\u00e1rtida. Se extienden desde las sabanas africanas y las estepas de Asia Central hasta las praderas de Am\u00e9rica y las zonas de monta\u00f1a. En muchos de estos territorios, las condiciones clim\u00e1ticas y del suelo hacen inviable la agricultura intensiva. Aun as\u00ed, millones de personas han vivido all\u00ed durante siglos, desarrollando sistemas productivos adaptados al paisaje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lejos de ser ecosistemas marginales, los pastizales cumplen funciones clave para el clima y la biodiversidad. Sus suelos almacenan hasta el 30 % del carbono terrestre, seg\u00fan la Convenci\u00f3n de las Naciones Unidas de Lucha contra la Desertificaci\u00f3n (CNULD). A trav\u00e9s del pastoreo, se activa un ciclo natural: cuando las plantas son consumidas, parte de sus ra\u00edces muere y se descompone, devolviendo carbono al suelo. Si el ecosistema dispone de tiempo para regenerarse, la vegetaci\u00f3n vuelve a crecer y el proceso se repite. Bien gestionado, este ciclo puede contribuir al secuestro de carbono y a la salud del suelo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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P<\/strong>ara leer<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Bosques secos tropicales: \u00bfQu\u00e9 est\u00e1 causando su acelerado colapso?<\/a><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Las plantas de los pastizales suelen desarrollar ra\u00edces profundas que estabilizan el terreno, mejoran la infiltraci\u00f3n de agua y reducen la erosi\u00f3n. Esta estructura subterr\u00e1nea sostiene una rica biodiversidad y crea h\u00e1bitats fundamentales para la fauna silvestre. De hecho, m\u00e1s de 1,3 millones de kil\u00f3metros cuadrados de pastizales en el mundo est\u00e1n reconocidos como \u00e1reas clave para la biodiversidad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En el centro de estos paisajes se encuentra el pastoralismo, un sistema de producci\u00f3n extensiva que permite transformar hierbas no comestibles en alimentos y fibras esenciales. Se estima que hasta 500 millones de personas dependen directamente de este modo de vida. Seg\u00fan el contexto ecol\u00f3gico, se cr\u00edan vacas, ovejas, cabras, camellos, yaks, renos o alpacas, en sistemas que suelen adaptarse a los l\u00edmites del paisaje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A diferencia de la ganader\u00eda industrial, muchas pr\u00e1cticas pastoriles tradicionales trabajan en equilibrio con el ecosistema. Adem\u00e1s de producir alimentos en tierras no aptas para la agricultura, las comunidades pastoriles gestionan activamente los pastizales. En zonas \u00e1ridas, por ejemplo, el pastoreo regular puede reducir la acumulaci\u00f3n de vegetaci\u00f3n inflamable, disminuyendo el riesgo de incendios de gran magnitud.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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T<\/strong>ambi\u00e9n lea<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Financiamiento para el Cerrado brasile\u00f1o: el reto urgente de proteger un bioma que garantiza agua, biodiversidad y futuro<\/a><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pese a su importancia, cerca de la mitad de los pastizales del mundo se encuentra hoy degradada. La principal amenaza es la conversi\u00f3n del suelo a otros usos, impulsada por la expansi\u00f3n agr\u00edcola, la urbanizaci\u00f3n, las plantaciones forestales y algunos proyectos de energ\u00eda. Esta presi\u00f3n se ve reforzada por pol\u00edticas que siguen considerando a los pastizales como espacios improductivos y marginan a las comunidades pastoriles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cuando estos ecosistemas se transforman, los suelos suelen perder nutrientes, compactarse y erosionarse, afectando la biodiversidad y la productividad a largo plazo. Al mismo tiempo, muchas comunidades enfrentan restricciones para acceder a tierras de uso tradicional debido a cercamientos, fronteras r\u00edgidas y conflictos territoriales. A todo ello se suma la crisis clim\u00e1tica, que intensifica sequ\u00edas en algunas regiones e inundaciones en otras.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proteger los pastizales implica cambiar la forma en que los percibimos: reconocer su valor clim\u00e1tico, ecol\u00f3gico y cultural; apoyar el pastoreo sostenible; y garantizar los derechos territoriales de quienes los habitan. Invisibles para muchos, estos ecosistemas sostienen a la mitad del planeta. Darles el lugar que merecen es clave para enfrentar la crisis clim\u00e1tica y avanzar hacia modelos de desarrollo m\u00e1s justos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lee el art\u00edculo completo en ThinkLandscape:<\/strong> https:\/\/bit.ly\/4a1Jsk2 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pastoreo de ovejas en Mongolia. 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